fix(logger): migrate to winston for simpler executable support

[Hweinstock]

Problem

#1801

This PR goes with option 3 from the issue link.

The original attempt lives in #1804, however there were some issues in that PR:

• a bug that causes logs to inconsistently show up after executing commands due to flush behavior on pino due how we manually manage the output stream.
• manually maintaining a type definition for an external dependency.
• CI job organization wasn't clear (compile vs build?).

Solution

• switch to winston rotating logger since it avoids the complexity of handling the stream ourselves. Winston puts it in the main thread by default.
• switch to organizing CI checks into build and check to mirror what cargo does. Specifically,check does static analysis without producing any artifacts, whereas build compiles, packs, and produces the build artifacts.

Testing

• CI now verifies the compiled binary is working.
• logging tests passes, and verified locally:

rm -rf ~/.agentcore/logs
./dist/bin/agentcore-linux-x64 config k1 k2
cat ~/.agentcore/logs/output-2026-07-22.log

{"level":"debug","msg":"executing command","time":1784752392752,"cliSessionId":"7458c0f4-216a-464e-b68f-28441d229d1e","commandPath":"/agentcore/config","flags":{},"args":{"k
ey":"k1","value":"k2"}}
{"level":"debug","msg":"command executed successfully","time":1784752392753,"cliSessionId":"7458c0f4-216a-464e-b68f-28441d229d1e","commandPath":"/agentcore/config"}

Notes

• try to not to squash merge since this PR includes a few components that may be useful as separate commits in the commit history.

[Hweinstock]

the new behavior is that it rotates the file each day or when the size cap it hit. Before we rotated only when the size limit was hit. This swap ensures we maintain roughly the past 10 days but still no more than 50MB.

[Hweinstock]

moved to top-level to ensure that logger/io init failures are logged to console.

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 93.92%. Comparing base (951044e) to head (3759362).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on refactor.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff            @@
##           refactor    #1808   +/-   ##
=========================================
  Coverage     93.91%   93.92%           
=========================================
  Files           118      118           
  Lines          6423     6432    +9     
=========================================
+ Hits           6032     6041    +9     
  Misses          391      391           

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