chore: Upgrade stackable-operator to 0.110.0

[dervoeti]

Description

Part of stackabletech/issues#844

Upgraded stackable-operator from 0.108.0 to 0.110.0:
Replaced the untyped HashMap<String, HashMap<String, String>> config overrides with a new SupersetConfigOverrides struct that supports superset_config.py via KeyValueConfigOverrides. Implements KeyValueOverridesProvider.

Also integrated the changes of the unmerged PR #716:
The clientAuthenticationMethod field from the OIDC ClientAuthenticationOptions is currently deserialized but never used. This PR passes it through to the generated superset_config.py as token_endpoint_auth_method.

I tested it in a Kind cluster with our Keycloak setup from the OIDC integration test (by setting the client authentication method to private_key_jwt instead of client_secret_basic, then OIDC login failed, as expected).

Definition of Done Checklist

• Not all of these items are applicable to all PRs, the author should update this template to only leave the boxes in that are relevant
• Please make sure all these things are done and tick the boxes

Author

• Changes are OpenShift compatible
• CRD changes approved
• CRD documentation for all fields, following the style guide.
• Helm chart can be installed and deployed operator works
• Integration tests passed (for non trivial changes)
• Changes need to be "offline" compatible
• Links to generated (nightly) docs added
• Release note snippet added

Reviewer

• Code contains useful comments
• Code contains useful logging statements
• (Integration-)Test cases added
• Documentation added or updated. Follows the style guide.
• Changelog updated
• Cargo.toml only contains references to git tags (not specific commits or branches)

Acceptance

• Feature Tracker has been updated
• Proper release label has been added
• Links to generated (nightly) docs added
• Release note snippet added
• Add type/deprecation label & add to the deprecation schedule
• Add type/experimental label & add to the experimental features tracker