chore(release): sync upstream & update deps for next release

[mceachen]

Summary

Release-prep sync of upstream sources, dependency bumps, and docs refresh.

Upstream sync

• SQLite amalgamation: 3.51.3 → 3.53.0 (latest stable from sqlite.org).
• Node.js SQLite (node_sqlite.{h,cc}, sqlite.js): synced from v25.x-staging at ffa9b8f. Only substantive upstream change is a capture-by-value fix on the ApplyChangeset filter lambda; our port in src/sqlite_impl.cpp already uses the safe capture pattern, so no code port was required.
• Node compat tests: regenerated via npm run sync:tests. Two new upstream tests added skip entries in scripts/sync-node-tests.ts:
  • test-sqlite-serialize.js — skipped in its entirety; DatabaseSync.serialize() / deserialize() are not yet ported. Filed implicitly as a follow-up.
  • session supports ERM (in test-sqlite-session.js) — skipped; uses a using declaration which Node.js 22 CJS cannot parse. The sync script now rewrites using → const so the file still parses, and the matching test is transformed to test.skip(...).

Dependency updates

• jest 30.2 → 30.3
• ts-jest 29.4.6 → 29.4.9
• node-addon-api 8.6 → 8.7
• eslint-plugin-regexp 3.0 → 3.1
• Pinned typescript to ^5.9.3 via .ncurc.js (typedoc 0.28 doesn't yet support TypeScript 6).

Docs

• CHANGELOG.md: added an [Unreleased] section capturing the SQLite bump, upstream sync, and dep updates.
• doc/features.md: SQLite version bumped to 3.53.0.
• doc/working-with-data.md: prettier-only whitespace tweaks.

Verification

• npm run build:native ✓ (SQLite 3.53.0 amalgamation compiles cleanly)
• npm run build:dist ✓
• npm run lint ✓ (tsc + eslint clean)
• Jest suite: 827 passed / 54 skipped / 0 failed
• npm run test:node: 293 passed / 6 skipped / 0 failed
• npm run test:api: 1 pre-existing failure on Node 22.22 (the "extra SQLITE_OPEN_* constants" test compares against the much smaller node:sqlite constants set exposed by Node 22; this failure is unrelated to the changes in this PR — confirmed by git stash + rerun on the baseline).

Test plan

• CI passes on all supported platforms (Linux x64/ARM64, macOS, Windows, Alpine glibc/musl)
• Prebuild workflow succeeds
• npm run test:all (CJS + ESM) green on CI runners
• npm run test:api passes on a Node 25+ runner (pre-existing Node 22 limitation aside)

https://claude.ai/code/session_01RuRZdvQxHnKfcqwiA12SNN