ChainBench · Flotapponnier · Aug 2, 2026 · Aug 2, 2026 · Aug 2, 2026 · Aug 2, 2026
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+# OpenChainBench. Bench № 121
+
+slug: kava-rpc
+number: "121"
+title: Fastest free Kava RPC, live no-key EVM endpoint latency
+seo_title: "Fastest free Kava RPC 2026"
+seo_description: "{{best_name}} leads free Kava RPC at {{best_p50}} (`eth_getBlockByNumber` p50, 24h). 3 no-key providers measured every 60s from 3 regions."
+subtitle: HTTP round-trip latency for the `eth_getBlockByNumber(\"latest\", false)` method against every free, no-key public Kava EVM endpoint, audited every 60 seconds from 3 regions.
+
+category: RPCs
+status: live
+metric: RPC latency
+unit: ms
+higher_is_better: false
+
+seo_intro: |
+  Kava is a Cosmos SDK Layer 1 (chain 2222) with a native EVM execution layer, ~5 s block time under Tendermint BFT consensus, KAVA gas token on the EVM side, and IBC connectivity to the wider Cosmos ecosystem. The 2026-07-03 long-tail sweep excluded Kava for not meeting the 3-provider threshold; re-audit on 2026-08-02 confirms Thirdweb now supports Kava EVM, bringing the total to 3 clean keyless providers: the Kava Labs official endpoint (evm.kava.io), dRPC, and Thirdweb. Excluded by this launch audit: PublicNode (method-not-found on eth_getBlockByNumber), Tenderly (no kava route), Blast API (no listing), OnFinality (rate-limited without a key), 1RPC (unknown network).
+
+abstract: |
+  Per-chain member of the RPC latency cluster, extended to Kava EVM.
+  We measure the round-trip latency of a single, identical JSON-RPC call
+  (`eth_getBlockByNumber(\"latest\", false)`) against every no-key public
+  Kava EVM endpoint that sustains continuous probing, 3 providers
+  at launch, every 60 seconds, from us-east, eu-west and Singapore. The
+  harness classifies every response (ok / http_err / jsonrpc_err / stale
+  / timeout) with a Kava-scaled staleness gap (20 blocks
+  at Kava's ~5 s block time). The cross-chain view
+  lives on the parent `rpc-capabilities` benchmark; this page is the
+  Kava-scoped answer with per-region breakdowns as a first-class
+  dimension.
+
+methodology:
+  - "Cadence: every 60 seconds per provider, from each of 3 probe regions (us-east Virginia, eu-west Amsterdam, sgp Singapore). Headline p50/p90/p99 aggregate across all 3 regions via Prometheus `avg(quantile_over_time(...))`; per-region breakdowns are first-class on this page via the region tabs."
+  - "Payload: `{\"jsonrpc\":\"2.0\",\"id\":<rotating>,\"method\":\"eth_getBlockByNumber\",\"params\":[\"latest\", false]}`. Plain HTTP POST, identical for every endpoint, no API key in any request. Non-cacheable by design: the rotating id defeats edge caches that would answer a bare head query without touching a node."
+  - "Latency: client-side round-trip delta in milliseconds, exposed as both a gauge and a histogram (buckets 50 ms → 10 s), so percentiles are computed via Prometheus `quantile_over_time` over the last 24 hours."
+  - "Call-result classification: `ok` (HTTP 200 + non-empty result with a parsable hex block number), `http_err`, `jsonrpc_err` (HTTP 200 carrying an error body), `stale` (more than 20 blocks behind the cross-provider tip), `timeout`. Latency without reliability is a misleading ranking signal."
+  - "This page is part of the per-chain RPC cluster derived from the cross-chain [rpc-capabilities](https://openchainbench.com/benchmarks/rpc-capabilities) benchmark; the identical harness, cadence and exclusion rules apply on every chain."
+  - "Chain scope: every query on this page is pinned to `chain=\"kava\"`. Provider coverage at launch: 3 no-key endpoints."
+
+findings:
+  - "{{best_name}} currently leads free Kava RPC at {{best_p50}} (`eth_getBlockByNumber` p50, 24h) across 3 measured providers."
+
+faq:
+  - q: "What is the fastest free Kava RPC right now?"
+    a: "{{best_name}} currently leads at {{best_p50}} (`eth_getBlockByNumber(\"latest\", false)` p50 over the last 24h), measured against 3 no-key providers probed every 60 seconds from us-east, eu-west and Singapore. The leaderboard re-sorts continuously against fresh Prometheus samples. Use the region tabs to see the leader from the origin closest to your deployment."
+  - q: "Which Kava RPCs work without an API key?"
+    a: "3 endpoints sustain continuous keyless probing at launch: the Kava Labs official endpoint (evm.kava.io), dRPC, and Thirdweb. Every listed endpoint was live-verified with a `eth_getBlockByNumber` POST returning a parsable response before inclusion. See the methodology section for the endpoints that were audited and excluded."
+  - q: "Does the fastest Kava RPC change by region?"
+    a: "Often. Public infra concentrates in specific regions; a gateway that wins from Amsterdam can lose from Singapore by multiples. The region tabs at the top of the page re-scope every number to a single origin; pick the one closest to where your requests originate."
+  - q: "How is Kava RPC latency measured here, technically?"
+    a: "One identical `eth_getBlockByNumber(\"latest\", false)` POST every 60 seconds against each provider from each of 3 regions, using the same plain HTTP client the rest of the RPC cluster uses. Wall-clock round-trip is recorded at millisecond precision; p50/p90/p99 are computed via Prometheus `quantile_over_time` over 24 hours. Responses are classified (`ok` / `http_err` / `jsonrpc_err` / `stale` / `timeout`) so an endpoint stuck on an old head or returning errors behind HTTP 200 is never ranked as fastest."
+
+source: https://github.com/ChainBench/OpenChainBench/tree/main/harnesses/rpc-capabilities
+
+prometheus:
+  window: 24h
+  freshness_metric: rpc_latency_milliseconds
+
+rank_matrix_query: avg by (provider, region) (ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:p50_24h{chain="kava"})
+
+dimensions:
+  region:
+    - { value: all,     label: All regions }
+    - { value: us-east, label: US-East }
+    - { value: eu-west, label: EU-West }
+    - { value: sgp,     label: Singapore }
+
+providers:
+  - slug: kava-official
+    name: Kava Labs
+    tag: Kava Labs official public EVM RPC
+    formula: "50th percentile over 24h of client-side round-trip latency (ms) for a single `eth_getBlockByNumber(\"latest\", false)` POST sent every 60s from 3 regions (us-east + eu-west + sgp) to Kava Labs's no-key kava EVM RPC endpoint."
+    queries:
+      p50: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:p50_24h{provider="kava-official", chain="kava"})
+      p90: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:p90_24h{provider="kava-official", chain="kava"})
+      p99: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:p99_24h{provider="kava-official", chain="kava"})
+      mean: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:mean_24h{provider="kava-official", chain="kava"})
+      success: sum(ocb:rpc_call:ok_rate_24h{provider="kava-official", chain="kava"}) / sum(ocb:rpc_call:rate_24h{provider="kava-official", chain="kava"})
+      sample_size: sum(ocb:rpc_call:increase_24h{provider="kava-official", chain="kava"})
+      series: avg(avg_over_time(rpc_latency_milliseconds{provider="kava-official", chain="kava"}[1h]))
+      regions:
+        - region: us-east
+          p50: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:p50_24h{provider="kava-official", chain="kava", region="us-east"})
+          series: avg_over_time(rpc_latency_milliseconds{provider="kava-official", chain="kava", region="us-east"}[1h])
+        - region: eu-west
+          p50: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:p50_24h{provider="kava-official", chain="kava", region="eu-west"})
+          series: avg_over_time(rpc_latency_milliseconds{provider="kava-official", chain="kava", region="eu-west"}[1h])
+        - region: ap-southeast
+          p50: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:p50_24h{provider="kava-official", chain="kava", region="sgp"})
+          series: avg_over_time(rpc_latency_milliseconds{provider="kava-official", chain="kava", region="sgp"}[1h])
+
+  - slug: drpc
+    name: dRPC
+    tag: dRPC public gateway routing to Kava node pool
+    formula: "50th percentile over 24h of client-side round-trip latency (ms) for a single `eth_getBlockByNumber(\"latest\", false)` POST sent every 60s from 3 regions (us-east + eu-west + sgp) to dRPC's no-key kava RPC endpoint."
+    queries:
+      p50: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:p50_24h{provider="drpc", chain="kava"})
+      p90: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:p90_24h{provider="drpc", chain="kava"})
+      p99: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:p99_24h{provider="drpc", chain="kava"})
+      mean: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:mean_24h{provider="drpc", chain="kava"})
+      success: sum(ocb:rpc_call:ok_rate_24h{provider="drpc", chain="kava"}) / sum(ocb:rpc_call:rate_24h{provider="drpc", chain="kava"})
+      sample_size: sum(ocb:rpc_call:increase_24h{provider="drpc", chain="kava"})
+      series: avg(avg_over_time(rpc_latency_milliseconds{provider="drpc", chain="kava"}[1h]))
+      regions:
+        - region: us-east
+          p50: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:p50_24h{provider="drpc", chain="kava", region="us-east"})
+          series: avg_over_time(rpc_latency_milliseconds{provider="drpc", chain="kava", region="us-east"}[1h])
+        - region: eu-west
+          p50: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:p50_24h{provider="drpc", chain="kava", region="eu-west"})
+          series: avg_over_time(rpc_latency_milliseconds{provider="drpc", chain="kava", region="eu-west"}[1h])
+        - region: ap-southeast
+          p50: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:p50_24h{provider="drpc", chain="kava", region="sgp"})
+          series: avg_over_time(rpc_latency_milliseconds{provider="drpc", chain="kava", region="sgp"}[1h])
+
+  - slug: thirdweb
+    name: Thirdweb
+    tag: Thirdweb public RPC gateway for Kava EVM
+    formula: "50th percentile over 24h of client-side round-trip latency (ms) for a single `eth_getBlockByNumber(\"latest\", false)` POST sent every 60s from 3 regions (us-east + eu-west + sgp) to Thirdweb's no-key kava RPC endpoint."
+    queries:
+      p50: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:p50_24h{provider="thirdweb", chain="kava"})
+      p90: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:p90_24h{provider="thirdweb", chain="kava"})
+      p99: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:p99_24h{provider="thirdweb", chain="kava"})
+      mean: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:mean_24h{provider="thirdweb", chain="kava"})
+      success: sum(ocb:rpc_call:ok_rate_24h{provider="thirdweb", chain="kava"}) / sum(ocb:rpc_call:rate_24h{provider="thirdweb", chain="kava"})
+      sample_size: sum(ocb:rpc_call:increase_24h{provider="thirdweb", chain="kava"})
+      series: avg(avg_over_time(rpc_latency_milliseconds{provider="thirdweb", chain="kava"}[1h]))
+      regions:
+        - region: us-east
+          p50: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:p50_24h{provider="thirdweb", chain="kava", region="us-east"})
+          series: avg_over_time(rpc_latency_milliseconds{provider="thirdweb", chain="kava", region="us-east"}[1h])
+        - region: eu-west
+          p50: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:p50_24h{provider="thirdweb", chain="kava", region="eu-west"})
+          series: avg_over_time(rpc_latency_milliseconds{provider="thirdweb", chain="kava", region="eu-west"}[1h])
+        - region: ap-southeast
+          p50: avg(ocb:rpc_latency_milliseconds:p50_24h{provider="thirdweb", chain="kava", region="sgp"})
+          series: avg_over_time(rpc_latency_milliseconds{provider="thirdweb", chain="kava", region="sgp"}[1h])
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ methodology:
   - "Cadence: derived in PromQL from perp_fees_all_in_bps_tier, refreshed every 5 minutes by the perp-fees harness (bench 007)."
   - "Cost slope = avg_over_time(all_in_bps_tier{notional=1000000}[24h]) / ignoring(notional) avg_over_time(all_in_bps_tier{notional=1000}[24h]) per venue per asset. A ratio of 1.00 means flat cost across sizes."
   - "Oracle-priced venues (gains.trade, GMX v2): the fee is a flat percentage of position size with no orderbook. The $1M all-in equals the $1k all-in in bps exactly, so slope = 1.00 always."
-  - "Orderbook venues (Hyperliquid, dYdX, Lighter, Paradex, Extended, Aster, edgeX): the $1M tier walks deeper into the book than the $1k tier, so the spread component grows and slope > 1.00."
+  - "Orderbook venues (Hyperliquid, dYdX, Lighter, Extended, Aster, edgeX): the $1M tier walks deeper into the book than the $1k tier, so the spread component grows and slope > 1.00."
   - "Missing $1M tier: when the visible book cannot absorb $1M the harness skips the tier and increments perp_fees_tier_skipped_total rather than extrapolating. The slope PromQL returns no data for that venue, shown as N/A in the leaderboard."
   - "Fill-rate panel: count_over_time(tier{notional=1000000}[24h]) / ignoring(notional) count_over_time(tier{notional=1000}[24h]) per venue per asset. 1.00 = tier always filled; 0.50 = tier filled half the time; 0.00 = tier never filled."
   - "Chain tabs: the board is scoped per asset (ETH, BTC, SOL) because book depth differs significantly across assets and cross-asset averaging obscures the signal."
@@ -196,19 +196,6 @@ providers:
       sample_size: count_over_time(perp_fees_all_in_bps_tier{venue="dydx",notional="1000000"}[24h])
       series: perp_fees_all_in_bps_tier{venue="dydx",notional="1000000"}
 
-  - slug: paradex
-    name: Paradex
-    tag: "Starknet appchain perps, 100-level book"
-    formula: "all_in_bps_tier{notional=1000000}[24h] / all_in_bps_tier{notional=1000}[24h]. Orderbook: Starknet appchain, 100-level book depth caps visible depth at ~$1M on majors."
-    queries:
-      p50: avg_over_time(perp_fees_all_in_bps_tier{venue="paradex",notional="1000000"}[24h]) / ignoring(notional) avg_over_time(perp_fees_all_in_bps_tier{venue="paradex",notional="1000"}[24h])
-      p90: avg_over_time(perp_fees_all_in_bps_tier{venue="paradex",notional="100000"}[24h]) / ignoring(notional) avg_over_time(perp_fees_all_in_bps_tier{venue="paradex",notional="1000"}[24h])
-      p99: avg_over_time(perp_fees_all_in_bps_tier{venue="paradex",notional="10000"}[24h]) / ignoring(notional) avg_over_time(perp_fees_all_in_bps_tier{venue="paradex",notional="1000"}[24h])
-      mean: avg_over_time(perp_fees_all_in_bps_tier{venue="paradex",notional="1000000"}[24h]) / ignoring(notional) avg_over_time(perp_fees_all_in_bps_tier{venue="paradex",notional="1000"}[24h])
-      success: avg_over_time(perp_fees_health{venue="paradex"}[24h])
-      sample_size: count_over_time(perp_fees_all_in_bps_tier{venue="paradex",notional="1000000"}[24h])
-      series: perp_fees_all_in_bps_tier{venue="paradex",notional="1000000"}
-
   - slug: extended
     name: Extended
     tag: "Starknet perps, full public book"

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 slug: validator-yield-hyperliquid
 number: "115"
-title: Hyperliquid validator leaderboard — live net APR, uptime, commission
+title: "Hyperliquid validator leaderboard: live net APR, uptime, commission"
 seo_title: "Best Hyperliquid validators 2026: yield, commission, uptime ranked"
 seo_description: "Live Hyperliquid validator leaderboard ranked by net APR. All 34 validators tracked: net yield in bps, commission rate, uptime %, delegated stake in USD. Updated every 5 minutes from /info validatorSummaries."
 subtitle: Per-validator net yield (predictedApr.day × uptime) in basis points across all 34 Hyperliquid validators. Ranked by net APR; commission and uptime shown as secondary columns.
@@ -13,13 +13,13 @@ unit: bps
 higher_is_better: true
 
 disclaimer: |
-  Honest scope. (1) `net_yield = predictedApr.day × uptimeFraction` from the Hyperliquid `/info validatorSummaries` endpoint. (2) No MEV layer exists at the validator level on Hyperliquid — the centralised sequencer captures order-flow value upstream. MEV is structurally absent from all figures. (3) Jailed validators (currently 6) land in the dataset with `predictedApr=0` and `net_yield=0`; they rank at the bottom. (4) APRs across the active set are tightly clustered (~200–225 bps) because Hyperliquid distributes rewards evenly across non-jailed validators — commission rate is the primary differentiator for delegators.
+  net_yield = predictedApr.day x uptimeFraction from /info validatorSummaries. No MEV layer at the validator level on Hyperliquid; the centralised sequencer captures order-flow value upstream. Jailed validators land at 0 bps regardless of published APR. APRs cluster at 200 to 225 bps across the active set; commission rate is the primary differentiator for delegators.
 
 seo_intro: |
   Hyperliquid runs a permissioned validator set of ~30 active nodes. Unlike
   Solana's ~3000-validator market where yield spreads across hundreds of bps,
   every non-jailed Hyperliquid validator earns the same gross APR from the
-  protocol — the only differentiation is commission rate, uptime, and jail
+  protocol; the only differentiation is commission rate, uptime, and jail
   risk. This page surfaces the full active set, ranked by net yield
   (gross APR after commission and downtime drag), so a delegator can see
   exactly which operators take the smallest cut and stay online.
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ methodology:
 
 findings:
   - "Commission is the only meaningful differentiator among healthy Hyperliquid validators: all active non-jailed validators earn the same gross APR (~225 bps as of this snapshot). A delegator choosing between them is effectively choosing a commission rate."
-  - "Zero-commission validators (infinitefield.xyz, HyperStake, CMI, Flowdex) lead the net yield ranking by construction — they take no cut from delegators."
-  - "The four Hyper Foundation validators (1–4) collectively hold ~$10B+ in staked HYPE and charge 3% commission (300 bps). Foundation-5 added later at the same terms."
+  - "Zero-commission validators (infinitefield.xyz, HyperStake, CMI, Flowdex) lead the net yield ranking by construction; they take no cut from delegators."
+  - "The four Hyper Foundation validators (1 to 4) collectively hold ~$10B+ in staked HYPE and charge 3% commission (300 bps). Foundation-5 added later at the same terms."
   - "Anchorage By Figment charges 10% commission (1000 bps), the highest among active non-jailed validators, which reduces delegator net yield by ~20 bps relative to zero-commission nodes."
   - "6 validators are currently jailed (Figment, Falcon Capital, Asymmetric Research, HyperCN X hlscan, Red Pond, cp0x by STAKR.space). They earn 0 yield and their delegated stake is minimal (<10k HYPE each)."