Bootstrap Python exercises repository with multi-level structure

[Copilot]

Initializes a structured Python exercises repo covering programming concepts, logic, algorithms, and data structures across four complexity tiers.

Structure

• basico/ — Variables & types, conditionals, loops, functions, lists
• intermedio/ — Dicts & sets, higher-order functions (map/filter/reduce/lambda), comprehensions, file I/O & exceptions
• avanzado/ — OOP with ABC & properties, decorators (timer, logger, retry, factory), generators & yield from
• algoritmos/ — Sorting (Bubble/Selection/Insertion/Merge/Quick), search (linear, binary iterative/recursive, matrix), recursion (Fibonacci + memoization, Hanói, fast exponentiation), and linear data structures (Stack, Queue, Linked List)

Exercise format

Each .py file follows a consistent pattern: task description as a comment, placeholder ... / pass stubs for the student to fill in, expected output in comments, and a commented-out reference solution at the bottom.

# ------ Tarea 4: Merge Sort ------
def merge_sort(lista):
    if len(lista) <= 1:
        return lista
    # Tu código aquí:
    pass

print("Merge Sort:", merge_sort(datos))
# Esperado: [11, 12, 22, 25, 64]

Also adds .gitignore (excludes __pycache__, build artifacts, IDE files) and an updated README.md with directory map and usage instructions.

Original prompt

Quiero iniciar un repositorio donde tenga ejercicios de python para el entrenamiento de conceptos, lógica de programación, algoritmos y ejemplos de diferentes niveles de complejidad