diff --git a/lib/protocol/http2/connection.rb b/lib/protocol/http2/connection.rb
index 1128908..01fe31c 100644
--- a/lib/protocol/http2/connection.rb
+++ b/lib/protocol/http2/connection.rb
@@ -237,6 +237,15 @@ def receive_goaway(frame)
 				
 				self.close!
 				
+				# Streams above the last stream ID were not processed by the remote peer and are safe to retry (RFC 9113 §6.8).
+				error = ::Protocol::HTTP::RequestRefusedError.new("GOAWAY: request not processed.")
+				
+				@streams.each_value do |stream|
+					if stream.id > @remote_stream_id
+						stream.close(error)
+					end
+				end
+				
 				if error_code != 0
 					# Shut down immediately.
 					raise GoawayError.new(message, error_code)
diff --git a/protocol-http2.gemspec b/protocol-http2.gemspec
index d8f084e..7d730b0 100644
--- a/protocol-http2.gemspec
+++ b/protocol-http2.gemspec
@@ -25,5 +25,5 @@ Gem::Specification.new do |spec|
 	spec.required_ruby_version = ">= 3.3"
 	
 	spec.add_dependency "protocol-hpack", "~> 1.4"
-	spec.add_dependency "protocol-http", "~> 0.47"
+	spec.add_dependency "protocol-http", "~> 0.61"
 end
diff --git a/releases.md b/releases.md
index dfcf0b3..f5dff11 100644
--- a/releases.md
+++ b/releases.md
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 # Releases
 
+## Unreleased
+
+  - On GOAWAY, proactively close unprocessed streams (ID above `last_stream_id`) with `Protocol::HTTP::RequestRefusedError`, enabling safe retry of non-idempotent requests.
+
 ## v0.24.0
 
   - When closing a connection with active streams, if an error is not provided, it will default to `EOFError` so that streams propagate the closure correctly.
diff --git a/test/protocol/http2/connection.rb b/test/protocol/http2/connection.rb
index cf8cf34..3541452 100644
--- a/test/protocol/http2/connection.rb
+++ b/test/protocol/http2/connection.rb
@@ -391,6 +391,79 @@ def before
 			expect(stream.state).to be == :closed
 		end
 		
+		let(:stream_class) do
+			Class.new(Protocol::HTTP2::Stream) do
+				attr_reader :error
+				
+				def closed(error)
+					@error = error
+					super
+				end
+			end
+		end
+		
+		it "closes unprocessed streams with RequestRefusedError on graceful GOAWAY" do
+			stream.send_headers(request_headers, Protocol::HTTP2::END_STREAM)
+			
+			# Establish request stream on server:
+			server.read_frame
+			
+			another_stream = client.create_stream do |connection, id|
+				stream_class.create(connection, id)
+			end
+			another_stream.send_headers(request_headers, Protocol::HTTP2::END_STREAM)
+			
+			# Server sends GOAWAY with last_stream_id=1, meaning stream 3 was not processed:
+			server.send_goaway(0)
+			
+			client.read_frame
+			
+			# The unprocessed stream (id=3) should be closed with RequestRefusedError:
+			expect(another_stream.state).to be == :closed
+			expect(another_stream.error).to be_a(Protocol::HTTP::RequestRefusedError)
+			
+			# The processed stream (id=1) should still be open:
+			expect(stream.state).not.to be == :closed
+		end
+		
+		it "closes all streams with RequestRefusedError on GOAWAY with last_stream_id=0" do
+			another_stream = client.create_stream do |connection, id|
+				stream_class.create(connection, id)
+			end
+			another_stream.send_headers(request_headers, Protocol::HTTP2::END_STREAM)
+			
+			# Server sends GOAWAY with last_stream_id=0, meaning no streams were processed:
+			server.send_goaway(0)
+			
+			client.read_frame
+			
+			expect(another_stream.state).to be == :closed
+			expect(another_stream.error).to be_a(Protocol::HTTP::RequestRefusedError)
+		end
+		
+		it "closes unprocessed streams with RequestRefusedError on non-graceful GOAWAY" do
+			stream.send_headers(request_headers, Protocol::HTTP2::END_STREAM)
+			
+			# Establish request stream on server:
+			server.read_frame
+			
+			another_stream = client.create_stream do |connection, id|
+				stream_class.create(connection, id)
+			end
+			another_stream.send_headers(request_headers, Protocol::HTTP2::END_STREAM)
+			
+			# Server sends non-graceful GOAWAY with last_stream_id=1:
+			server.send_goaway(1, "Shutting down")
+			
+			expect do
+				client.read_frame
+			end.to raise_exception(Protocol::HTTP2::GoawayError)
+			
+			# The unprocessed stream should still have been closed with RequestRefusedError:
+			expect(another_stream.state).to be == :closed
+			expect(another_stream.error).to be_a(Protocol::HTTP::RequestRefusedError)
+		end
+		
 		it "client can handle non-graceful shutdown" do
 			stream.send_headers(request_headers, Protocol::HTTP2::END_STREAM)