diff --git a/.changeset/sys-tables-account-i18n.md b/.changeset/sys-tables-account-i18n.md
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..8ada8162f4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.changeset/sys-tables-account-i18n.md
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+---
+'@objectstack/spec': minor
+'@objectstack/cli': minor
+'@objectstack/platform-objects': patch
+'@objectstack/service-messaging': minor
+---
+
+i18n: translate the system account/messaging surfaces end to end.
+
+- **spec**: `ObjectTranslationDataSchema` / `ObjectTranslationNodeSchema` now
+  accept `_views.<view>.emptyState.{title,message}` so list-view empty states
+  are translatable (contract-first for the extractor below).
+- **cli**: `os i18n extract` emits `_views.<view>.emptyState` keys when a view
+  declares an empty state.
+- **platform-objects**: fill every missing zh-CN/ja-JP/es-ES translation for
+  `sys_user`, `sys_organization` and `sys_business_unit` (fields, options,
+  views, actions); replace the hardcoded English tab/section/action labels in
+  the `sys_user`, `sys_organization` and `sys_position` detail pages with
+  inline i18n label objects, and route the user Security tab through
+  `record:quick_actions` so object action labels localize.
+- **service-messaging**: new ADR-0029 D8 translation bundle
+  (`MessagingTranslations`) covering the seven `sys_*` messaging objects
+  (inbox message, receipts, deliveries, preferences, subscriptions, templates,
+  HTTP deliveries), registered on `kernel:ready`; zh-CN is fully translated
+  and ja-JP/es-ES cover `sys_inbox_message` (incl. the `mine` view empty
+  state).
diff --git a/packages/cli/src/utils/i18n-extract.ts b/packages/cli/src/utils/i18n-extract.ts
index c33d0ba313..02c031a407 100644
--- a/packages/cli/src/utils/i18n-extract.ts
+++ b/packages/cli/src/utils/i18n-extract.ts
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
  *   objects.<name>.fields.<field>.options.<value>
  *   objects.<name>._views.<view>.label
  *   objects.<name>._views.<view>.description
+ *   objects.<name>._views.<view>.emptyState.title / .message
  *   objects.<name>._actions.<action>.label
  *   objects.<name>._actions.<action>.confirmText
  *   objects.<name>._actions.<action>.successMessage
@@ -119,6 +120,22 @@ function viewObjectName(view: any): string | undefined {
   return view?.objectName ?? view?.object ?? view?.data?.object;
 }
 
+/**
+ * Emit `_views.<view>.emptyState.{title,message}` entries when the view
+ * declares empty-state copy. Mirrors the client-side resolver convention
+ * (`viewEmptyState` in @object-ui/i18n) and `ObjectTranslationDataSchema`.
+ */
+function pushViewEmptyState(out: ExpectedEntry[], viewPath: string[], view: any, objectName: string): void {
+  const emptyState = view?.emptyState;
+  if (!emptyState || typeof emptyState !== 'object') return;
+  if (typeof emptyState.title === 'string' && emptyState.title.length > 0) {
+    pushEntry(out, [...viewPath, 'emptyState', 'title'], emptyState.title, 'view', { objectName });
+  }
+  if (typeof emptyState.message === 'string' && emptyState.message.length > 0) {
+    pushEntry(out, [...viewPath, 'emptyState', 'message'], emptyState.message, 'view', { objectName });
+  }
+}
+
 function pushEntry(
   out: ExpectedEntry[],
   path: string[],
@@ -200,6 +217,7 @@ export function collectExpectedEntries(config: any): ExpectedEntry[] {
         if (view.description) {
           pushEntry(out, ['objects', objectName, '_views', viewName, 'description'], view.description, 'view', { objectName });
         }
+        pushViewEmptyState(out, ['objects', objectName, '_views', viewName], view, objectName);
       }
     }
 
@@ -229,6 +247,7 @@ export function collectExpectedEntries(config: any): ExpectedEntry[] {
     if (view.description) {
       pushEntry(out, ['objects', objectName, '_views', view.name, 'description'], view.description, 'view', { objectName });
     }
+    pushViewEmptyState(out, ['objects', objectName, '_views', view.name], view, objectName);
   }
 
   // ── Top-level actions ────────────────────────────────────────────
diff --git a/packages/platform-objects/src/apps/translations/es-ES.objects.generated.ts b/packages/platform-objects/src/apps/translations/es-ES.objects.generated.ts
index bf53f97302..95abc11e68 100644
--- a/packages/platform-objects/src/apps/translations/es-ES.objects.generated.ts
+++ b/packages/platform-objects/src/apps/translations/es-ES.objects.generated.ts
@@ -43,44 +43,44 @@ export const esESObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         help: "Si se establece, el bloqueo se elimina automáticamente en ese momento."
       },
       failed_login_count: {
-        label: "Failed Login Count",
-        help: "Consecutive failed sign-in attempts; reset to 0 on success. Maintained by the auth manager."
+        label: "Intentos fallidos consecutivos",
+        help: "Intentos de inicio de sesión fallidos consecutivos; se restablece a 0 tras un inicio correcto. Lo mantiene el gestor de autenticación."
       },
       locked_until: {
-        label: "Locked Until",
-        help: "When set and in the future, sign-in is rejected (brute-force lockout). Auto-clears past this time; an admin can clear it early via Unlock."
+        label: "Bloqueado hasta",
+        help: "Si está establecido y es una fecha futura, el inicio de sesión se rechaza (bloqueo por fuerza bruta). Se limpia automáticamente pasado ese momento; un administrador puede levantarlo antes con «Desbloquear cuenta»."
       },
       password_changed_at: {
-        label: "Password Changed At",
-        help: "Timestamp of the last password change. Backs password_expiry_days; system-managed."
+        label: "Contraseña cambiada el",
+        help: "Fecha y hora del último cambio de contraseña. Sirve de base a password_expiry_days; gestionado por el sistema."
       },
       phone_number: {
-        label: "Phone Number",
-        help: "Sign-in phone number (E.164 recommended). Unique per user; managed by better-auth when the phoneNumber plugin is enabled."
+        label: "Número de teléfono",
+        help: "Número de teléfono para iniciar sesión (se recomienda E.164). Único por usuario; lo gestiona better-auth cuando el plugin phoneNumber está habilitado."
       },
       phone_number_verified: {
-        label: "Phone Verified",
-        help: "Whether the phone number has been verified (OTP verification requires SMS infrastructure; false until that ships). System-managed."
+        label: "Teléfono verificado",
+        help: "Indica si el número de teléfono se ha verificado (la verificación OTP requiere infraestructura de SMS; false hasta que esté disponible). Gestionado por el sistema."
       },
       must_change_password: {
-        label: "Must Change Password",
-        help: "When true, the user is blocked (403 PASSWORD_EXPIRED) until they change their password. Stamped by the admin user-management routes; system-managed."
+        label: "Debe cambiar la contraseña",
+        help: "Si es true, el usuario queda bloqueado (403 PASSWORD_EXPIRED) hasta que cambie su contraseña. Lo establecen las rutas de administración de usuarios; gestionado por el sistema."
       },
       mfa_required_at: {
-        label: "MFA Required At",
-        help: "When enforced MFA first applied to this user (grace-period clock). Backs mfa_required; system-managed."
+        label: "MFA exigido desde",
+        help: "Cuándo se aplicó por primera vez el MFA obligatorio a este usuario (inicio del período de gracia). Sirve de base a mfa_required; gestionado por el sistema."
       },
       last_login_at: {
-        label: "Last Login At",
-        help: "Timestamp of the last successful sign-in. Stamped by the auth manager; system-managed."
+        label: "Último inicio de sesión",
+        help: "Fecha y hora del último inicio de sesión correcto. Lo registra el gestor de autenticación; gestionado por el sistema."
       },
       last_login_ip: {
-        label: "Last Login IP",
-        help: "Client IP of the last successful sign-in (from the trusted proxy forwarded header). System-managed."
+        label: "IP del último inicio de sesión",
+        help: "IP del cliente del último inicio de sesión correcto (de la cabecera reenviada por el proxy de confianza). Gestionado por el sistema."
       },
       ai_access: {
-        label: "AI Access",
-        help: "Whether this user holds an AI seat — grants access to the in-UI AI agents (build / ask). The framework synthesizes the `ai_seat` capability from this flag (plugin-hono-server resolveCtx). Assignment is capped by the licensed / purchased seat count (enforced by @objectstack/security-enterprise AiSeatPlugin). Owned by objectql (better-auth is oblivious to this column)."
+        label: "Acceso a IA",
+        help: "Indica si este usuario dispone de una plaza de IA: otorga acceso a los agentes de IA integrados en la interfaz (build / ask). El framework sintetiza la capacidad `ai_seat` a partir de este indicador (plugin-hono-server resolveCtx). La asignación está limitada por el número de plazas licenciadas o compradas (aplicado por AiSeatPlugin de @objectstack/security-enterprise). Propiedad de objectql (better-auth ignora esta columna)."
       },
       image: {
         label: "Imagen de perfil"
@@ -94,11 +94,11 @@ export const esESObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         help: "The user's primary business unit — a denormalised projection of sys_business_unit_member.is_primary, maintained by plugin-sharing (ADR-0057 addendum D12). Lets a user-lookup filter candidates by business unit without traversing the membership junction. Do not edit directly; set it via business-unit membership."
       },
       source: {
-        label: "Identity Source",
-        help: "How this identity was created — idp_provisioned (federated SSO JIT) or env_native (local signup / app end-user). System-managed; do not edit.",
+        label: "Origen de la identidad",
+        help: "Cómo se creó esta identidad: idp_provisioned (JIT de SSO federado) o env_native (registro local / usuario final de la aplicación). Gestionado por el sistema; no editar.",
         options: {
-          idp_provisioned: "IdP-Provisioned",
-          env_native: "Env-Native"
+          idp_provisioned: "Aprovisionada por IdP",
+          env_native: "Nativa del entorno"
         }
       },
       id: {
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ export const esESObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
     },
     _views: {
       me: {
-        label: "My Profile"
+        label: "Mi perfil"
       },
       all_users: {
         label: "Todos los usuarios"
@@ -143,12 +143,12 @@ export const esESObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         successMessage: "Usuario desbloqueado"
       },
       unlock_user: {
-        label: "Unlock Account",
-        successMessage: "Account unlocked"
+        label: "Desbloquear cuenta",
+        successMessage: "Cuenta desbloqueada"
       },
       create_user: {
-        label: "Create User",
-        successMessage: "User created"
+        label: "Crear usuario",
+        successMessage: "Usuario creado"
       },
       set_user_password: {
         label: "Establecer contraseña",
@@ -176,8 +176,8 @@ export const esESObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         successMessage: "Correo de verificación enviado; revisa la nueva dirección para confirmar."
       },
       resend_verification_email: {
-        label: "Resend Verification Email",
-        successMessage: "Verification email sent — check your inbox."
+        label: "Reenviar correo de verificación",
+        successMessage: "Correo de verificación enviado; revisa tu bandeja de entrada."
       },
       delete_my_account: {
         label: "Eliminar mi cuenta",
@@ -185,18 +185,18 @@ export const esESObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         successMessage: "Cuenta eliminada"
       },
       enable_two_factor: {
-        label: "Enable Two-Factor Auth",
-        successMessage: "Two-factor authentication enabled. Scan the QR code or paste the otpauth URI into your authenticator app, then verify a code to complete setup."
+        label: "Habilitar autenticación de dos factores",
+        successMessage: "Autenticación de dos factores habilitada. Escanea el código QR o pega el URI otpauth en tu aplicación de autenticación y verifica un código para completar la configuración."
       },
       disable_two_factor: {
-        label: "Disable Two-Factor Auth",
-        confirmText: "Turn off two-factor authentication? Your account will be less secure.",
-        successMessage: "Two-factor authentication disabled."
+        label: "Deshabilitar autenticación de dos factores",
+        confirmText: "¿Desactivar la autenticación de dos factores? Tu cuenta será menos segura.",
+        successMessage: "Autenticación de dos factores deshabilitada."
       },
       generate_backup_codes: {
-        label: "Regenerate Backup Codes",
-        confirmText: "Generate a new set of backup codes? Any previously generated codes will stop working.",
-        successMessage: "New backup codes generated — save them somewhere safe."
+        label: "Regenerar códigos de respaldo",
+        confirmText: "¿Generar un nuevo juego de códigos de respaldo? Los códigos generados anteriormente dejarán de funcionar.",
+        successMessage: "Nuevos códigos de respaldo generados; guárdalos en un lugar seguro."
       }
     }
   },
@@ -396,8 +396,8 @@ export const esESObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         help: "Metadatos de la organización serializados en JSON."
       },
       require_mfa: {
-        label: "Require Multi-Factor Auth",
-        help: "When true, every member of this organization must enroll an authenticator app to access data."
+        label: "Exigir autenticación multifactor",
+        help: "Si es true, todos los miembros de esta organización deben registrar una aplicación de autenticación para acceder a los datos."
       },
       id: {
         label: "ID de organización"
@@ -438,9 +438,9 @@ export const esESObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         successMessage: "Ha abandonado la organización"
       },
       change_slug: {
-        label: "Change Slug",
-        confirmText: "Renaming the slug rewrites every platform subdomain for this org and parks the old slug for 90 days. Continue?",
-        successMessage: "Organization slug changed"
+        label: "Cambiar slug",
+        confirmText: "Renombrar el slug reescribe todos los subdominios de la plataforma para esta organización y reserva el slug anterior durante 90 días. ¿Continuar?",
+        successMessage: "Slug de la organización cambiado"
       }
     }
   },
@@ -724,7 +724,7 @@ export const esESObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
     },
     _views: {
       org_chart: {
-        label: "Org Chart"
+        label: "Organigrama"
       },
       active: {
         label: "Activo"
diff --git a/packages/platform-objects/src/apps/translations/ja-JP.objects.generated.ts b/packages/platform-objects/src/apps/translations/ja-JP.objects.generated.ts
index 052c010adf..5ab58ee234 100644
--- a/packages/platform-objects/src/apps/translations/ja-JP.objects.generated.ts
+++ b/packages/platform-objects/src/apps/translations/ja-JP.objects.generated.ts
@@ -43,44 +43,44 @@ export const jaJPObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         help: "設定されている場合、この日時に利用停止が自動解除されます。"
       },
       failed_login_count: {
-        label: "Failed Login Count",
-        help: "Consecutive failed sign-in attempts; reset to 0 on success. Maintained by the auth manager."
+        label: "連続ログイン失敗回数",
+        help: "連続してサインインに失敗した回数。成功すると 0 にリセットされます。認証マネージャーが管理します。"
       },
       locked_until: {
-        label: "Locked Until",
-        help: "When set and in the future, sign-in is rejected (brute-force lockout). Auto-clears past this time; an admin can clear it early via Unlock."
+        label: "ロック解除日時",
+        help: "設定されており未来の日時の場合、サインインは拒否されます（ブルートフォース対策ロック）。この日時を過ぎると自動解除され、管理者は「アカウントのロック解除」で早期解除できます。"
       },
       password_changed_at: {
-        label: "Password Changed At",
-        help: "Timestamp of the last password change. Backs password_expiry_days; system-managed."
+        label: "パスワード変更日時",
+        help: "最後にパスワードを変更した日時。password_expiry_days の基準になります。システム管理。"
       },
       phone_number: {
-        label: "Phone Number",
-        help: "Sign-in phone number (E.164 recommended). Unique per user; managed by better-auth when the phoneNumber plugin is enabled."
+        label: "電話番号",
+        help: "サインイン用の電話番号（E.164 形式を推奨）。ユーザーごとに一意。phoneNumber プラグイン有効時は better-auth が管理します。"
       },
       phone_number_verified: {
-        label: "Phone Verified",
-        help: "Whether the phone number has been verified (OTP verification requires SMS infrastructure; false until that ships). System-managed."
+        label: "電話番号確認済み",
+        help: "電話番号が確認済みかどうか（OTP 確認には SMS 基盤が必要で、提供されるまでは false）。システム管理。"
       },
       must_change_password: {
-        label: "Must Change Password",
-        help: "When true, the user is blocked (403 PASSWORD_EXPIRED) until they change their password. Stamped by the admin user-management routes; system-managed."
+        label: "パスワード変更必須",
+        help: "true の場合、パスワードを変更するまでユーザーはブロックされます（403 PASSWORD_EXPIRED）。管理者のユーザー管理ルートが設定します。システム管理。"
       },
       mfa_required_at: {
-        label: "MFA Required At",
-        help: "When enforced MFA first applied to this user (grace-period clock). Backs mfa_required; system-managed."
+        label: "MFA 強制適用日時",
+        help: "強制 MFA がこのユーザーに最初に適用された日時（猶予期間の起点）。mfa_required の基準になります。システム管理。"
       },
       last_login_at: {
-        label: "Last Login At",
-        help: "Timestamp of the last successful sign-in. Stamped by the auth manager; system-managed."
+        label: "最終ログイン日時",
+        help: "最後に成功したサインインの日時。認証マネージャーが記録します。システム管理。"
       },
       last_login_ip: {
-        label: "Last Login IP",
-        help: "Client IP of the last successful sign-in (from the trusted proxy forwarded header). System-managed."
+        label: "最終ログイン IP",
+        help: "最後に成功したサインインのクライアント IP（信頼済みプロキシの転送ヘッダー由来）。システム管理。"
       },
       ai_access: {
-        label: "AI Access",
-        help: "Whether this user holds an AI seat — grants access to the in-UI AI agents (build / ask). The framework synthesizes the `ai_seat` capability from this flag (plugin-hono-server resolveCtx). Assignment is capped by the licensed / purchased seat count (enforced by @objectstack/security-enterprise AiSeatPlugin). Owned by objectql (better-auth is oblivious to this column)."
+        label: "AI アクセス",
+        help: "このユーザーが AI シートを保有しているかどうか。UI 内 AI エージェント（build / ask）へのアクセスを付与します。フレームワークはこのフラグから `ai_seat` ケイパビリティを合成します（plugin-hono-server resolveCtx）。割り当て数はライセンス／購入済みシート数が上限です（@objectstack/security-enterprise AiSeatPlugin が強制）。objectql が所有します（better-auth はこの列を認識しません）。"
       },
       image: {
         label: "プロフィール画像"
@@ -94,11 +94,11 @@ export const jaJPObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         help: "The user's primary business unit — a denormalised projection of sys_business_unit_member.is_primary, maintained by plugin-sharing (ADR-0057 addendum D12). Lets a user-lookup filter candidates by business unit without traversing the membership junction. Do not edit directly; set it via business-unit membership."
       },
       source: {
-        label: "Identity Source",
-        help: "How this identity was created — idp_provisioned (federated SSO JIT) or env_native (local signup / app end-user). System-managed; do not edit.",
+        label: "ID ソース",
+        help: "この ID の作成方法 — idp_provisioned（フェデレーション SSO の JIT）または env_native（ローカルサインアップ／アプリのエンドユーザー）。システム管理のため編集しないでください。",
         options: {
-          idp_provisioned: "IdP-Provisioned",
-          env_native: "Env-Native"
+          idp_provisioned: "IdP プロビジョニング",
+          env_native: "環境ネイティブ"
         }
       },
       id: {
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ export const jaJPObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
     },
     _views: {
       me: {
-        label: "My Profile"
+        label: "マイプロフィール"
       },
       all_users: {
         label: "すべてのユーザー"
@@ -143,12 +143,12 @@ export const jaJPObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         successMessage: "ユーザーの利用停止を解除しました"
       },
       unlock_user: {
-        label: "Unlock Account",
-        successMessage: "Account unlocked"
+        label: "アカウントのロック解除",
+        successMessage: "アカウントのロックを解除しました"
       },
       create_user: {
-        label: "Create User",
-        successMessage: "User created"
+        label: "ユーザーを作成",
+        successMessage: "ユーザーを作成しました"
       },
       set_user_password: {
         label: "パスワードを設定",
@@ -176,8 +176,8 @@ export const jaJPObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         successMessage: "確認メールを送信しました。新しいメールアドレスで確認してください。"
       },
       resend_verification_email: {
-        label: "Resend Verification Email",
-        successMessage: "Verification email sent — check your inbox."
+        label: "確認メールを再送",
+        successMessage: "確認メールを送信しました。受信トレイをご確認ください。"
       },
       delete_my_account: {
         label: "アカウント削除",
@@ -185,18 +185,18 @@ export const jaJPObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         successMessage: "アカウントを削除しました"
       },
       enable_two_factor: {
-        label: "Enable Two-Factor Auth",
-        successMessage: "Two-factor authentication enabled. Scan the QR code or paste the otpauth URI into your authenticator app, then verify a code to complete setup."
+        label: "二要素認証を有効化",
+        successMessage: "二要素認証を有効にしました。認証アプリで QR コードをスキャンするか otpauth URI を貼り付け、コードを検証して設定を完了してください。"
       },
       disable_two_factor: {
-        label: "Disable Two-Factor Auth",
-        confirmText: "Turn off two-factor authentication? Your account will be less secure.",
-        successMessage: "Two-factor authentication disabled."
+        label: "二要素認証を無効化",
+        confirmText: "二要素認証をオフにしますか？アカウントの安全性が低下します。",
+        successMessage: "二要素認証を無効にしました。"
       },
       generate_backup_codes: {
-        label: "Regenerate Backup Codes",
-        confirmText: "Generate a new set of backup codes? Any previously generated codes will stop working.",
-        successMessage: "New backup codes generated — save them somewhere safe."
+        label: "バックアップコードを再生成",
+        confirmText: "新しいバックアップコードを生成しますか？以前に生成されたコードはすべて使用できなくなります。",
+        successMessage: "新しいバックアップコードを生成しました。安全な場所に保管してください。"
       }
     }
   },
@@ -396,8 +396,8 @@ export const jaJPObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         help: "JSON シリアライズされた組織メタデータ"
       },
       require_mfa: {
-        label: "Require Multi-Factor Auth",
-        help: "When true, every member of this organization must enroll an authenticator app to access data."
+        label: "多要素認証を必須化",
+        help: "true の場合、この組織のすべてのメンバーはデータにアクセスするために認証アプリの登録が必要になります。"
       },
       id: {
         label: "組織 ID"
@@ -438,9 +438,9 @@ export const jaJPObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         successMessage: "組織から退出しました"
       },
       change_slug: {
-        label: "Change Slug",
-        confirmText: "Renaming the slug rewrites every platform subdomain for this org and parks the old slug for 90 days. Continue?",
-        successMessage: "Organization slug changed"
+        label: "スラッグを変更",
+        confirmText: "スラッグを変更すると、この組織のすべてのプラットフォームサブドメインが書き換えられ、旧スラッグは 90 日間確保されます。続行しますか？",
+        successMessage: "組織のスラッグを変更しました"
       }
     }
   },
@@ -724,7 +724,7 @@ export const jaJPObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
     },
     _views: {
       org_chart: {
-        label: "Org Chart"
+        label: "組織図"
       },
       active: {
         label: "有効"
diff --git a/packages/platform-objects/src/apps/translations/zh-CN.objects.generated.ts b/packages/platform-objects/src/apps/translations/zh-CN.objects.generated.ts
index 3cea691914..9ac86ede06 100644
--- a/packages/platform-objects/src/apps/translations/zh-CN.objects.generated.ts
+++ b/packages/platform-objects/src/apps/translations/zh-CN.objects.generated.ts
@@ -43,44 +43,44 @@ export const zhCNObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         help: "设置后，到达该时间会自动解除封禁。"
       },
       failed_login_count: {
-        label: "Failed Login Count",
-        help: "Consecutive failed sign-in attempts; reset to 0 on success. Maintained by the auth manager."
+        label: "连续登录失败次数",
+        help: "连续登录失败的次数；登录成功后重置为 0。由认证管理器维护。"
       },
       locked_until: {
-        label: "Locked Until",
-        help: "When set and in the future, sign-in is rejected (brute-force lockout). Auto-clears past this time; an admin can clear it early via Unlock."
+        label: "锁定至",
+        help: "设置且时间在未来时，登录会被拒绝（防暴力破解锁定）。超过该时间自动解除；管理员也可通过“解锁账号”提前解除。"
       },
       password_changed_at: {
-        label: "Password Changed At",
-        help: "Timestamp of the last password change. Backs password_expiry_days; system-managed."
+        label: "密码修改时间",
+        help: "最近一次修改密码的时间。支撑 password_expiry_days（密码有效期）；系统维护。"
       },
       phone_number: {
-        label: "Phone Number",
-        help: "Sign-in phone number (E.164 recommended). Unique per user; managed by better-auth when the phoneNumber plugin is enabled."
+        label: "手机号码",
+        help: "用于登录的手机号（建议 E.164 格式）。每个用户唯一；启用 phoneNumber 插件时由 better-auth 管理。"
       },
       phone_number_verified: {
-        label: "Phone Verified",
-        help: "Whether the phone number has been verified (OTP verification requires SMS infrastructure; false until that ships). System-managed."
+        label: "手机已验证",
+        help: "手机号是否已验证（OTP 验证依赖短信基础设施，在其上线前保持 false）。系统维护。"
       },
       must_change_password: {
-        label: "Must Change Password",
-        help: "When true, the user is blocked (403 PASSWORD_EXPIRED) until they change their password. Stamped by the admin user-management routes; system-managed."
+        label: "须修改密码",
+        help: "为 true 时，用户会被阻止访问（403 PASSWORD_EXPIRED），直到修改密码。由管理员用户管理接口写入；系统维护。"
       },
       mfa_required_at: {
-        label: "MFA Required At",
-        help: "When enforced MFA first applied to this user (grace-period clock). Backs mfa_required; system-managed."
+        label: "MFA 强制生效时间",
+        help: "强制 MFA 首次对该用户生效的时间（宽限期计时起点）。支撑 mfa_required；系统维护。"
       },
       last_login_at: {
-        label: "Last Login At",
-        help: "Timestamp of the last successful sign-in. Stamped by the auth manager; system-managed."
+        label: "最近登录时间",
+        help: "最近一次成功登录的时间。由认证管理器写入；系统维护。"
       },
       last_login_ip: {
-        label: "Last Login IP",
-        help: "Client IP of the last successful sign-in (from the trusted proxy forwarded header). System-managed."
+        label: "最近登录 IP",
+        help: "最近一次成功登录的客户端 IP（取自可信代理转发头）。系统维护。"
       },
       ai_access: {
-        label: "AI Access",
-        help: "Whether this user holds an AI seat — grants access to the in-UI AI agents (build / ask). The framework synthesizes the `ai_seat` capability from this flag (plugin-hono-server resolveCtx). Assignment is capped by the licensed / purchased seat count (enforced by @objectstack/security-enterprise AiSeatPlugin). Owned by objectql (better-auth is oblivious to this column)."
+        label: "AI 访问权限",
+        help: "该用户是否占用一个 AI 席位——授予界面内 AI 智能体（build / ask）的使用权限。框架会根据此标志合成 `ai_seat` 能力（plugin-hono-server resolveCtx）。可分配数量受许可/已购席位数限制（由 @objectstack/security-enterprise AiSeatPlugin 强制执行）。归 objectql 所有（better-auth 不感知此列）。"
       },
       image: {
         label: "头像"
@@ -94,11 +94,11 @@ export const zhCNObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         help: "The user's primary business unit — a denormalised projection of sys_business_unit_member.is_primary, maintained by plugin-sharing (ADR-0057 addendum D12). Lets a user-lookup filter candidates by business unit without traversing the membership junction. Do not edit directly; set it via business-unit membership."
       },
       source: {
-        label: "Identity Source",
-        help: "How this identity was created — idp_provisioned (federated SSO JIT) or env_native (local signup / app end-user). System-managed; do not edit.",
+        label: "身份来源",
+        help: "该身份的创建方式——idp_provisioned（联合 SSO 即时开通）或 env_native（本地注册 / 应用最终用户）。系统维护，请勿编辑。",
         options: {
-          idp_provisioned: "IdP-Provisioned",
-          env_native: "Env-Native"
+          idp_provisioned: "IdP 开通",
+          env_native: "环境本地"
         }
       },
       id: {
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ export const zhCNObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
     },
     _views: {
       me: {
-        label: "My Profile"
+        label: "我的资料"
       },
       all_users: {
         label: "全部用户"
@@ -143,12 +143,12 @@ export const zhCNObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         successMessage: "用户已解除封禁"
       },
       unlock_user: {
-        label: "Unlock Account",
-        successMessage: "Account unlocked"
+        label: "解锁账号",
+        successMessage: "账号已解锁"
       },
       create_user: {
-        label: "Create User",
-        successMessage: "User created"
+        label: "创建用户",
+        successMessage: "用户已创建"
       },
       set_user_password: {
         label: "设置密码",
@@ -176,8 +176,8 @@ export const zhCNObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         successMessage: "已发送验证邮件，请前往新邮箱确认。"
       },
       resend_verification_email: {
-        label: "Resend Verification Email",
-        successMessage: "Verification email sent — check your inbox."
+        label: "重发验证邮件",
+        successMessage: "验证邮件已发送，请查收。"
       },
       delete_my_account: {
         label: "删除我的账号",
@@ -185,18 +185,18 @@ export const zhCNObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         successMessage: "已删除账号"
       },
       enable_two_factor: {
-        label: "Enable Two-Factor Auth",
-        successMessage: "Two-factor authentication enabled. Scan the QR code or paste the otpauth URI into your authenticator app, then verify a code to complete setup."
+        label: "启用双因素认证",
+        successMessage: "双因素认证已启用。用身份验证器 App 扫描二维码或粘贴 otpauth URI，然后验证一次动态码以完成设置。"
       },
       disable_two_factor: {
-        label: "Disable Two-Factor Auth",
-        confirmText: "Turn off two-factor authentication? Your account will be less secure.",
-        successMessage: "Two-factor authentication disabled."
+        label: "停用双因素认证",
+        confirmText: "要关闭双因素认证吗？您的账户安全性将降低。",
+        successMessage: "双因素认证已停用。"
       },
       generate_backup_codes: {
-        label: "Regenerate Backup Codes",
-        confirmText: "Generate a new set of backup codes? Any previously generated codes will stop working.",
-        successMessage: "New backup codes generated — save them somewhere safe."
+        label: "重新生成备用码",
+        confirmText: "要生成一组新的备用码吗？之前生成的备用码将全部失效。",
+        successMessage: "新备用码已生成——请妥善保存。"
       }
     }
   },
@@ -396,8 +396,8 @@ export const zhCNObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         help: "JSON 序列化的组织元数据"
       },
       require_mfa: {
-        label: "Require Multi-Factor Auth",
-        help: "When true, every member of this organization must enroll an authenticator app to access data."
+        label: "强制多因素认证",
+        help: "为 true 时，该组织的每位成员都必须注册身份验证器 App 才能访问数据。"
       },
       id: {
         label: "组织 ID"
@@ -438,9 +438,9 @@ export const zhCNObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
         successMessage: "你已退出该组织"
       },
       change_slug: {
-        label: "Change Slug",
-        confirmText: "Renaming the slug rewrites every platform subdomain for this org and parks the old slug for 90 days. Continue?",
-        successMessage: "Organization slug changed"
+        label: "修改标识符",
+        confirmText: "重命名标识符会重写该组织所有平台子域名，旧标识符将保留占用 90 天。继续吗？",
+        successMessage: "组织标识符已修改"
       }
     }
   },
@@ -724,7 +724,7 @@ export const zhCNObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
     },
     _views: {
       org_chart: {
-        label: "Org Chart"
+        label: "组织架构"
       },
       active: {
         label: "启用"
diff --git a/packages/platform-objects/src/pages/sys-organization.page.ts b/packages/platform-objects/src/pages/sys-organization.page.ts
index d2baf3cf1d..c5514ff084 100644
--- a/packages/platform-objects/src/pages/sys-organization.page.ts
+++ b/packages/platform-objects/src/pages/sys-organization.page.ts
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ export const SysOrganizationDetailPage: Page = {
         position: 'top',
         items: [
           {
-            label: 'Members',
+            label: { en: 'Members', 'zh-CN': '成员', 'ja-JP': 'メンバー', 'es-ES': 'Miembros' },
             icon: 'users',
             children: [
               {
@@ -64,13 +64,13 @@ export const SysOrganizationDetailPage: Page = {
                   sort: [{ field: 'created_at', order: 'desc' }],
                   limit: 25,
                   showViewAll: true,
-                  title: 'Members',
+                  title: { en: 'Members', 'zh-CN': '成员', 'ja-JP': 'メンバー', 'es-ES': 'Miembros' },
                 },
               },
             ],
           },
           {
-            label: 'Invitations',
+            label: { en: 'Invitations', 'zh-CN': '邀请', 'ja-JP': '招待', 'es-ES': 'Invitaciones' },
             icon: 'mail',
             children: [
               {
@@ -82,13 +82,13 @@ export const SysOrganizationDetailPage: Page = {
                   sort: [{ field: 'created_at', order: 'desc' }],
                   limit: 25,
                   showViewAll: true,
-                  title: 'Invitations',
+                  title: { en: 'Invitations', 'zh-CN': '邀请', 'ja-JP': '招待', 'es-ES': 'Invitaciones' },
                 },
               },
             ],
           },
           {
-            label: 'Teams',
+            label: { en: 'Teams', 'zh-CN': '团队', 'ja-JP': 'チーム', 'es-ES': 'Equipos' },
             icon: 'users-round',
             children: [
               {
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ export const SysOrganizationDetailPage: Page = {
                   sort: [{ field: 'name', order: 'asc' }],
                   limit: 25,
                   showViewAll: true,
-                  title: 'Teams',
+                  title: { en: 'Teams', 'zh-CN': '团队', 'ja-JP': 'チーム', 'es-ES': 'Equipos' },
                 },
               },
             ],
diff --git a/packages/platform-objects/src/pages/sys-position.page.ts b/packages/platform-objects/src/pages/sys-position.page.ts
index 9c41a16b71..dd06659d16 100644
--- a/packages/platform-objects/src/pages/sys-position.page.ts
+++ b/packages/platform-objects/src/pages/sys-position.page.ts
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ export const SysPositionDetailPage: Page = {
         position: 'top',
         items: [
           {
-            label: 'Holders',
+            label: { en: 'Holders', 'zh-CN': '任职人员', 'ja-JP': '在任者', 'es-ES': 'Titulares' },
             icon: 'users',
             children: [
               {
@@ -63,21 +63,21 @@ export const SysPositionDetailPage: Page = {
                   sort: [{ field: 'created_at', order: 'desc' }],
                   limit: 25,
                   showViewAll: true,
-                  title: 'Holders',
+                  title: { en: 'Holders', 'zh-CN': '任职人员', 'ja-JP': '在任者', 'es-ES': 'Titulares' },
                   add: {
                     picker: {
                       object: 'sys_user',
                       labelField: 'name',
                     },
                     linkField: 'user_id',
-                    label: 'Assign user',
+                    label: { en: 'Assign user', 'zh-CN': '分配用户', 'ja-JP': 'ユーザーを割り当て', 'es-ES': 'Asignar usuario' },
                   },
                 },
               },
             ],
           },
           {
-            label: 'Permission Sets',
+            label: { en: 'Permission Sets', 'zh-CN': '权限集', 'ja-JP': '権限セット', 'es-ES': 'Conjuntos de permisos' },
             icon: 'lock',
             children: [
               {
@@ -89,14 +89,14 @@ export const SysPositionDetailPage: Page = {
                   sort: [{ field: 'created_at', order: 'desc' }],
                   limit: 25,
                   showViewAll: true,
-                  title: 'Permission Sets',
+                  title: { en: 'Permission Sets', 'zh-CN': '权限集', 'ja-JP': '権限セット', 'es-ES': 'Conjuntos de permisos' },
                   add: {
                     picker: {
                       object: 'sys_permission_set',
                       labelField: 'label',
                     },
                     linkField: 'permission_set_id',
-                    label: 'Bind permission set',
+                    label: { en: 'Bind permission set', 'zh-CN': '绑定权限集', 'ja-JP': '権限セットをバインド', 'es-ES': 'Vincular conjunto de permisos' },
                   },
                 },
               },
diff --git a/packages/platform-objects/src/pages/sys-user.page.ts b/packages/platform-objects/src/pages/sys-user.page.ts
index 06fc1eda39..6d8c238489 100644
--- a/packages/platform-objects/src/pages/sys-user.page.ts
+++ b/packages/platform-objects/src/pages/sys-user.page.ts
@@ -62,13 +62,30 @@ export const SysUserDetailPage: Page = {
         properties: {
           severity: 'warning',
           icon: 'mail',
-          title: '邮箱未验证',
-          body: '验证你的邮箱以接收密码重置和重要的系统通知。',
+          // Inline-i18n object labels: the renderer resolves them with
+          // pickLocalized (exact → base → default → en → first).
+          title: {
+            en: 'Email not verified',
+            'zh-CN': '邮箱未验证',
+            'ja-JP': 'メールが未認証です',
+            'es-ES': 'Correo no verificado',
+          },
+          body: {
+            en: 'Verify your email to receive password resets and important system notifications.',
+            'zh-CN': '验证你的邮箱以接收密码重置和重要的系统通知。',
+            'ja-JP': 'パスワードリセットや重要なシステム通知を受け取るには、メールアドレスを認証してください。',
+            'es-ES': 'Verifica tu correo para recibir restablecimientos de contraseña y notificaciones importantes del sistema.',
+          },
           visible: 'record.id == ctx.user.id && record.email_verified == false',
           dismissible: false,
           action: {
             actionName: 'resend_verification_email',
-            label: '重新发送验证邮件',
+            label: {
+              en: 'Resend verification email',
+              'zh-CN': '重新发送验证邮件',
+              'ja-JP': '認証メールを再送信',
+              'es-ES': 'Reenviar correo de verificación',
+            },
           },
         },
       },
@@ -99,11 +116,11 @@ export const SysUserDetailPage: Page = {
         ],
         sections: [
           {
-            label: 'Identity',
+            label: { en: 'Identity', 'zh-CN': '身份', 'ja-JP': 'アイデンティティ', 'es-ES': 'Identidad' },
             fields: ['name', 'image'],
           },
           {
-            label: 'Audit',
+            label: { en: 'Audit', 'zh-CN': '审计', 'ja-JP': '監査', 'es-ES': 'Auditoría' },
             fields: ['created_at', 'updated_at'],
           },
         ],
@@ -122,7 +139,7 @@ export const SysUserDetailPage: Page = {
         position: 'top',
         items: [
           {
-            label: 'Positions',
+            label: { en: 'Positions', 'zh-CN': '岗位', 'ja-JP': 'ポジション', 'es-ES': 'Puestos' },
             icon: 'shield-check',
             children: [
               {
@@ -139,7 +156,7 @@ export const SysUserDetailPage: Page = {
                   sort: [{ field: 'created_at', order: 'desc' }],
                   limit: 25,
                   showViewAll: true,
-                  title: 'Positions',
+                  title: { en: 'Positions', 'zh-CN': '岗位', 'ja-JP': 'ポジション', 'es-ES': 'Puestos' },
                   add: {
                     picker: {
                       object: 'sys_position',
@@ -147,14 +164,19 @@ export const SysUserDetailPage: Page = {
                       labelField: 'label',
                     },
                     linkField: 'position',
-                    label: 'Assign position',
+                    label: {
+                      en: 'Assign position',
+                      'zh-CN': '分配岗位',
+                      'ja-JP': 'ポジションを割り当て',
+                      'es-ES': 'Asignar puesto',
+                    },
                   },
                 },
               },
             ],
           },
           {
-            label: 'Sessions',
+            label: { en: 'Sessions', 'zh-CN': '会话', 'ja-JP': 'セッション', 'es-ES': 'Sesiones' },
             icon: 'monitor',
             children: [
               {
@@ -166,13 +188,13 @@ export const SysUserDetailPage: Page = {
                   sort: [{ field: 'created_at', order: 'desc' }],
                   limit: 25,
                   showViewAll: true,
-                  title: 'Sessions',
+                  title: { en: 'Sessions', 'zh-CN': '会话', 'ja-JP': 'セッション', 'es-ES': 'Sesiones' },
                 },
               },
             ],
           },
           {
-            label: 'Linked Accounts',
+            label: { en: 'Linked Accounts', 'zh-CN': '关联账号', 'ja-JP': '連携アカウント', 'es-ES': 'Cuentas vinculadas' },
             icon: 'link',
             children: [
               {
@@ -184,13 +206,13 @@ export const SysUserDetailPage: Page = {
                   sort: [{ field: 'created_at', order: 'desc' }],
                   limit: 25,
                   showViewAll: true,
-                  title: 'Linked Accounts',
+                  title: { en: 'Linked Accounts', 'zh-CN': '关联账号', 'ja-JP': '連携アカウント', 'es-ES': 'Cuentas vinculadas' },
                 },
               },
             ],
           },
           {
-            label: 'Organizations',
+            label: { en: 'Organizations', 'zh-CN': '组织', 'ja-JP': '組織', 'es-ES': 'Organizaciones' },
             icon: 'building-2',
             children: [
               {
@@ -202,13 +224,13 @@ export const SysUserDetailPage: Page = {
                   sort: [{ field: 'created_at', order: 'desc' }],
                   limit: 25,
                   showViewAll: true,
-                  title: 'Organizations',
+                  title: { en: 'Organizations', 'zh-CN': '组织', 'ja-JP': '組織', 'es-ES': 'Organizaciones' },
                 },
               },
             ],
           },
           {
-            label: 'OAuth Apps',
+            label: { en: 'OAuth Apps', 'zh-CN': 'OAuth 应用', 'ja-JP': 'OAuth アプリ', 'es-ES': 'Aplicaciones OAuth' },
             icon: 'key-square',
             children: [
               {
@@ -220,7 +242,7 @@ export const SysUserDetailPage: Page = {
                   sort: [{ field: 'created_at', order: 'desc' }],
                   limit: 25,
                   showViewAll: true,
-                  title: 'OAuth Apps',
+                  title: { en: 'OAuth Apps', 'zh-CN': 'OAuth 应用', 'ja-JP': 'OAuth アプリ', 'es-ES': 'Aplicaciones OAuth' },
                 },
               },
             ],
@@ -232,21 +254,31 @@ export const SysUserDetailPage: Page = {
           // `location: 'record_section'` so they only render here, not
           // in the global header row.
           {
-            label: 'Security',
+            label: { en: 'Security', 'zh-CN': '安全', 'ja-JP': 'セキュリティ', 'es-ES': 'Seguridad' },
             icon: 'shield',
             children: [
               {
                 type: 'element:text',
                 properties: {
                   variant: 'subheading',
-                  content: 'Password & Sign-in',
+                  content: {
+                    en: 'Password & Sign-in',
+                    'zh-CN': '密码与登录',
+                    'ja-JP': 'パスワードとサインイン',
+                    'es-ES': 'Contraseña e inicio de sesión',
+                  },
                 },
               },
               {
                 type: 'element:text',
                 properties: {
                   variant: 'caption',
-                  content: 'Change your password or the email address associated with this account.',
+                  content: {
+                    en: 'Change your password or the email address associated with this account.',
+                    'zh-CN': '修改密码或此账号绑定的邮箱地址。',
+                    'ja-JP': 'パスワード、またはこのアカウントに関連付けられたメールアドレスを変更します。',
+                    'es-ES': 'Cambia tu contraseña o la dirección de correo asociada a esta cuenta.',
+                  },
                 },
               },
               {
@@ -262,14 +294,24 @@ export const SysUserDetailPage: Page = {
                 type: 'element:text',
                 properties: {
                   variant: 'subheading',
-                  content: 'Two-Factor Authentication',
+                  content: {
+                    en: 'Two-Factor Authentication',
+                    'zh-CN': '两步验证',
+                    'ja-JP': '二要素認証',
+                    'es-ES': 'Autenticación de dos factores',
+                  },
                 },
               },
               {
                 type: 'element:text',
                 properties: {
                   variant: 'caption',
-                  content: 'Add a second layer of security using a TOTP authenticator app. Backup codes let you sign in if you lose your device.',
+                  content: {
+                    en: 'Add a second layer of security using a TOTP authenticator app. Backup codes let you sign in if you lose your device.',
+                    'zh-CN': '使用 TOTP 验证器应用添加第二层安全防护。备用验证码可在设备丢失时用于登录。',
+                    'ja-JP': 'TOTP 認証アプリでセキュリティをもう一段強化します。バックアップコードがあれば、デバイスを紛失してもサインインできます。',
+                    'es-ES': 'Añade una segunda capa de seguridad con una app de autenticación TOTP. Los códigos de respaldo te permiten iniciar sesión si pierdes tu dispositivo.',
+                  },
                 },
               },
               {
@@ -285,14 +327,24 @@ export const SysUserDetailPage: Page = {
                 type: 'element:text',
                 properties: {
                   variant: 'subheading',
-                  content: 'Email Verification',
+                  content: {
+                    en: 'Email Verification',
+                    'zh-CN': '邮箱验证',
+                    'ja-JP': 'メール認証',
+                    'es-ES': 'Verificación de correo',
+                  },
                 },
               },
               {
                 type: 'element:text',
                 properties: {
                   variant: 'caption',
-                  content: 'Verify your email so password resets and notifications reach you. The button appears only while verification is pending.',
+                  content: {
+                    en: 'Verify your email so password resets and notifications reach you. The button appears only while verification is pending.',
+                    'zh-CN': '验证你的邮箱,以便接收密码重置和系统通知。按钮仅在邮箱待验证时显示。',
+                    'ja-JP': 'パスワードリセットや通知を受け取れるよう、メールアドレスを認証してください。ボタンは未認証の間のみ表示されます。',
+                    'es-ES': 'Verifica tu correo para recibir restablecimientos de contraseña y notificaciones. El botón solo aparece mientras la verificación está pendiente.',
+                  },
                 },
               },
               {
@@ -308,7 +360,12 @@ export const SysUserDetailPage: Page = {
                 type: 'element:text',
                 properties: {
                   variant: 'subheading',
-                  content: 'Danger Zone',
+                  content: {
+                    en: 'Danger Zone',
+                    'zh-CN': '危险操作',
+                    'ja-JP': '危険な操作',
+                    'es-ES': 'Zona de peligro',
+                  },
                 },
                 className: 'text-destructive',
               },
@@ -316,7 +373,12 @@ export const SysUserDetailPage: Page = {
                 type: 'element:text',
                 properties: {
                   variant: 'caption',
-                  content: 'Permanent. Once deleted, your account cannot be recovered.',
+                  content: {
+                    en: 'Permanent. Once deleted, your account cannot be recovered.',
+                    'zh-CN': '此操作不可逆,账号一经删除将无法恢复。',
+                    'ja-JP': 'この操作は取り消せません。削除されたアカウントは復元できません。',
+                    'es-ES': 'Permanente. Una vez eliminada, tu cuenta no se puede recuperar.',
+                  },
                 },
               },
               {
@@ -334,7 +396,7 @@ export const SysUserDetailPage: Page = {
           // user_id FK; the sys_api_key object's own list-item actions
           // (revoke / restore) handle row operations.
           {
-            label: 'API Keys',
+            label: { en: 'API Keys', 'zh-CN': 'API 密钥', 'ja-JP': 'API キー', 'es-ES': 'Claves de API' },
             icon: 'key-round',
             children: [
               {
@@ -346,7 +408,7 @@ export const SysUserDetailPage: Page = {
                   sort: [{ field: 'created_at', order: 'desc' }],
                   limit: 25,
                   showViewAll: true,
-                  title: 'API Keys',
+                  title: { en: 'API Keys', 'zh-CN': 'API 密钥', 'ja-JP': 'API キー', 'es-ES': 'Claves de API' },
                 },
               },
             ],
diff --git a/packages/services/service-messaging/scripts/i18n-extract.config.ts b/packages/services/service-messaging/scripts/i18n-extract.config.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..175a3dab69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/services/service-messaging/scripts/i18n-extract.config.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 ObjectStack. Licensed under the Apache-2.0 license.
+
+/**
+ * Build-time only config for `os i18n extract` (ADR-0029 D8). Not deployed.
+ * The service owns the i18n extraction for the objects it owns; the
+ * `translations` baseline is this service's OWN generated bundles so re-running
+ * `--merge` preserves every hand-translated string.
+ *
+ *   os i18n extract packages/services/service-messaging/scripts/i18n-extract.config.ts \
+ *     --locales=zh-CN,ja-JP,es-ES --fill=default --objects-only \
+ *     --out=packages/services/service-messaging/src/translations
+ */
+
+import { defineStack } from '@objectstack/spec';
+import {
+  InboxMessage,
+  NotificationReceipt,
+  NotificationDelivery,
+  NotificationPreference,
+  NotificationSubscription,
+  NotificationTemplate,
+  HttpDelivery,
+} from '../src/objects/index.js';
+import { enObjects } from '../src/translations/en.objects.generated.js';
+import { zhCNObjects } from '../src/translations/zh-CN.objects.generated.js';
+import { jaJPObjects } from '../src/translations/ja-JP.objects.generated.js';
+import { esESObjects } from '../src/translations/es-ES.objects.generated.js';
+
+export default defineStack({
+  name: 'service-messaging-i18n-extract',
+  objects: [
+    InboxMessage,
+    NotificationReceipt,
+    NotificationDelivery,
+    NotificationPreference,
+    NotificationSubscription,
+    NotificationTemplate,
+    HttpDelivery,
+  ] as any,
+  translations: [
+    { en: { objects: enObjects } },
+    { 'zh-CN': { objects: zhCNObjects } },
+    { 'ja-JP': { objects: jaJPObjects } },
+    { 'es-ES': { objects: esESObjects } },
+  ],
+});
diff --git a/packages/services/service-messaging/src/messaging-service-plugin.ts b/packages/services/service-messaging/src/messaging-service-plugin.ts
index f38e3a21e2..da0488c3a1 100644
--- a/packages/services/service-messaging/src/messaging-service-plugin.ts
+++ b/packages/services/service-messaging/src/messaging-service-plugin.ts
@@ -157,6 +157,23 @@ export class MessagingServicePlugin implements Plugin {
             ],
         });
 
+        // ADR-0029 D8 — contribute this service's object translations to the
+        // i18n service on kernel:ready (the i18n plugin may register after
+        // this one).
+        if (typeof ctx.hook === 'function') {
+            ctx.hook('kernel:ready', async () => {
+                try {
+                    const i18n = ctx.getService<any>('i18n');
+                    if (i18n && typeof i18n.loadTranslations === 'function') {
+                        const { MessagingTranslations } = await import('./translations/index.js');
+                        for (const [locale, data] of Object.entries(MessagingTranslations)) {
+                            i18n.loadTranslations(locale, data as Record<string, unknown>);
+                        }
+                    }
+                } catch { /* i18n optional */ }
+            });
+        }
+
         // Provision the physical tables for this service's system objects
         // up-front, once the engine is ready. The inbox channel materializes
         // sys_inbox_message + sys_notification_receipt rows on first delivery,
diff --git a/packages/services/service-messaging/src/translations/en.objects.generated.ts b/packages/services/service-messaging/src/translations/en.objects.generated.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..61135398cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/services/service-messaging/src/translations/en.objects.generated.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2025 ObjectStack. Licensed under the Apache-2.0 license.
+
+/**
+ * Auto-generated by 'os i18n extract' for locale 'en'.
+ * Edit translations in place; re-run extract (with --merge) to fill new gaps.
+ * Do not hand-edit the structure — only the leaf string values.
+ */
+
+import type { TranslationData } from '@objectstack/spec/system';
+
+export const enObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
+  sys_inbox_message: {
+    label: "Inbox Message",
+    pluralLabel: "Inbox Messages",
+    description: "User-facing in-app notification rows materialized by the inbox messaging channel.",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "Inbox Message ID"
+      },
+      user_id: {
+        label: "Recipient User"
+      },
+      notification_id: {
+        label: "Notification Event",
+        help: "FK → sys_notification (the L2 event this row materializes)"
+      },
+      delivery_id: {
+        label: "Delivery",
+        help: "FK → sys_notification_delivery (outbox row); null until P1"
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "Topic"
+      },
+      title: {
+        label: "Title"
+      },
+      body_md: {
+        label: "Body"
+      },
+      severity: {
+        label: "Severity",
+        options: {
+          info: "Info",
+          warning: "Warning",
+          critical: "Critical"
+        }
+      },
+      action_url: {
+        label: "Action URL"
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Created At"
+      }
+    },
+    _views: {
+      mine: {
+        label: "Notifications",
+        emptyState: {
+          title: "Inbox zero",
+          message: "No notifications."
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_receipt: {
+    label: "Notification Receipt",
+    pluralLabel: "Notification Receipts",
+    description: "Per-recipient × channel receipt; the source of truth for notification read-state.",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "Receipt ID"
+      },
+      notification_id: {
+        label: "Notification Event",
+        help: "FK → sys_notification (L2 event)"
+      },
+      delivery_id: {
+        label: "Delivery",
+        help: "FK → sys_notification_delivery (outbox row); null until P1"
+      },
+      user_id: {
+        label: "Recipient User"
+      },
+      channel: {
+        label: "Channel",
+        help: "Channel id this receipt is for (inbox / email / push / …)"
+      },
+      state: {
+        label: "State",
+        options: {
+          delivered: "delivered",
+          read: "read",
+          clicked: "clicked",
+          dismissed: "dismissed"
+        }
+      },
+      at: {
+        label: "At",
+        help: "When the receipt reached its current state"
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Created At"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_delivery: {
+    label: "Notification Delivery",
+    pluralLabel: "Notification Deliveries",
+    description: "Durable per-recipient × channel delivery outbox (ADR-0030 Layer 4).",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "Delivery ID"
+      },
+      notification_id: {
+        label: "Notification Event",
+        help: "FK → sys_notification (L2 event)"
+      },
+      recipient_id: {
+        label: "Recipient User"
+      },
+      channel: {
+        label: "Channel"
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "Topic"
+      },
+      digest_key: {
+        label: "Digest Key",
+        help: "recipient|channel|window grouping key for batched (digest) deliveries; null for normal sends."
+      },
+      payload: {
+        label: "Payload",
+        help: "Snapshot of the rendered notification content for dispatch."
+      },
+      status: {
+        label: "Status",
+        options: {
+          pending: "pending",
+          in_flight: "in_flight",
+          success: "success",
+          failed: "failed",
+          dead: "dead",
+          suppressed: "suppressed"
+        }
+      },
+      attempts: {
+        label: "Attempts"
+      },
+      partition_key: {
+        label: "Partition Key"
+      },
+      claimed_by: {
+        label: "Claimed By",
+        help: "Node id while in_flight"
+      },
+      claimed_at: {
+        label: "Claimed At (ms)"
+      },
+      next_attempt_at: {
+        label: "Next Attempt At (ms)"
+      },
+      last_attempted_at: {
+        label: "Last Attempted At (ms)"
+      },
+      error: {
+        label: "Error"
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Created At"
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        label: "Updated At"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_preference: {
+    label: "Notification Preference",
+    pluralLabel: "Notification Preferences",
+    description: "Per-user × topic × channel notification toggle (mute/allow), with admin-global defaults.",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "Preference ID"
+      },
+      user_id: {
+        label: "User",
+        help: "Recipient user id, or '*' for the admin-global default."
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "Topic",
+        help: "Notification topic, or '*' for all topics."
+      },
+      channel: {
+        label: "Channel",
+        help: "Channel id (inbox/email/push/…), or '*' for all channels."
+      },
+      enabled: {
+        label: "Enabled",
+        help: "When false, this (user, topic, channel) is muted."
+      },
+      digest: {
+        label: "Digest",
+        help: "Batch cadence (P3 digest middleware).",
+        options: {
+          none: "none",
+          daily: "daily",
+          weekly: "weekly"
+        }
+      },
+      quiet_hours: {
+        label: "Quiet Hours",
+        help: "Optional { tz, start, end } window (P3 quiet-hours middleware)."
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Created At"
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        label: "Updated At"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_subscription: {
+    label: "Notification Subscription",
+    pluralLabel: "Notification Subscriptions",
+    description: "Standing subscription of a principal (role/team/user) to a notification topic.",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "Subscription ID"
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "Topic",
+        help: "Notification topic this principal subscribes to."
+      },
+      principal: {
+        label: "Principal",
+        help: "Subscriber selector: 'role:x' | 'team:x' | 'user:id' | bare user id."
+      },
+      enabled: {
+        label: "Enabled",
+        help: "When false, the subscription is inactive."
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Created At"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_template: {
+    label: "Notification Template",
+    pluralLabel: "Notification Templates",
+    description: "Per (topic × channel × locale) render template for notifications.",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "Template ID"
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "Topic"
+      },
+      channel: {
+        label: "Channel",
+        help: "Channel id this template renders for (email/inbox/push/…)."
+      },
+      locale: {
+        label: "Locale",
+        help: "BCP-47 locale, e.g. 'en' / 'en-US' / 'zh-CN'."
+      },
+      version: {
+        label: "Version"
+      },
+      subject: {
+        label: "Subject / Title",
+        help: "Rendered into the email subject / inbox title. Supports {{ payload.x }}."
+      },
+      body: {
+        label: "Body",
+        help: "Template body. Supports {{ payload.x }}. Interpreted per `format`."
+      },
+      format: {
+        label: "Body Format",
+        options: {
+          markdown: "markdown",
+          html: "html",
+          text: "text",
+          mjml: "mjml"
+        }
+      },
+      is_active: {
+        label: "Active",
+        help: "Only active templates are selected at render time."
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Created At"
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        label: "Updated At"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_http_delivery: {
+    label: "HTTP Delivery",
+    pluralLabel: "HTTP Deliveries",
+    description: "Durable outbox row for one outbound-HTTP attempt (ADR-0018). Managed by @objectstack/service-messaging; do not write directly.",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "Delivery ID",
+        help: "UUID — also doubles as the receiver-side idempotency key"
+      },
+      source: {
+        label: "Source",
+        help: "Provenance domain, e.g. 'webhook' | 'flow'. UNIQUE(source, dedup_key)."
+      },
+      ref_id: {
+        label: "Ref ID",
+        help: "Partition/ordering anchor within source (webhook id, flow id, …)"
+      },
+      dedup_key: {
+        label: "Dedup Key",
+        help: "UNIQUE(source, dedup_key) for at-most-once enqueue"
+      },
+      label: {
+        label: "Label",
+        help: "Diagnostic label / event type — surfaced on X-Objectstack-Event"
+      },
+      url: {
+        label: "Target URL",
+        help: "Snapshotted at enqueue so config edits do not rewrite live rows"
+      },
+      method: {
+        label: "Method"
+      },
+      headers_json: {
+        label: "Headers JSON"
+      },
+      signing_secret: {
+        label: "HMAC Secret"
+      },
+      timeout_ms: {
+        label: "Timeout (ms)"
+      },
+      payload_json: {
+        label: "Payload JSON"
+      },
+      partition_key: {
+        label: "Partition",
+        help: "hash(ref_id) mod partitionCount — precomputed for cheap WHERE"
+      },
+      status: {
+        label: "Status",
+        help: "pending | in_flight | success | failed | dead"
+      },
+      attempts: {
+        label: "Attempts",
+        help: "Number of attempts made so far"
+      },
+      claimed_by: {
+        label: "Claimed By"
+      },
+      claimed_at: {
+        label: "Claimed At (ms)"
+      },
+      next_retry_at: {
+        label: "Next Retry At (ms)"
+      },
+      last_attempted_at: {
+        label: "Last Attempted At (ms)"
+      },
+      response_code: {
+        label: "HTTP Status"
+      },
+      response_body: {
+        label: "Response Body (capped)"
+      },
+      error: {
+        label: "Error"
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Created At"
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        label: "Updated At"
+      }
+    },
+    _views: {
+      recent: {
+        label: "Recent"
+      },
+      failures: {
+        label: "Failures"
+      },
+      pending: {
+        label: "Pending"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+};
diff --git a/packages/services/service-messaging/src/translations/es-ES.objects.generated.ts b/packages/services/service-messaging/src/translations/es-ES.objects.generated.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d574a3f64b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/services/service-messaging/src/translations/es-ES.objects.generated.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2025 ObjectStack. Licensed under the Apache-2.0 license.
+
+/**
+ * Auto-generated by 'os i18n extract' for locale 'es-ES'.
+ * Edit translations in place; re-run extract (with --merge) to fill new gaps.
+ * Do not hand-edit the structure — only the leaf string values.
+ */
+
+import type { TranslationData } from '@objectstack/spec/system';
+
+export const esESObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
+  sys_inbox_message: {
+    label: "Mensaje de bandeja de entrada",
+    pluralLabel: "Mensajes de bandeja de entrada",
+    description: "Filas de notificación en la aplicación, orientadas al usuario final, materializadas por el canal de bandeja de entrada.",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "ID del mensaje"
+      },
+      user_id: {
+        label: "Usuario destinatario"
+      },
+      notification_id: {
+        label: "Evento de notificación",
+        help: "FK → sys_notification (el evento L2 que materializa esta fila)"
+      },
+      delivery_id: {
+        label: "Entrega",
+        help: "FK → sys_notification_delivery (fila de outbox); nulo hasta P1"
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "Tema"
+      },
+      title: {
+        label: "Título"
+      },
+      body_md: {
+        label: "Cuerpo"
+      },
+      severity: {
+        label: "Severidad",
+        options: {
+          info: "Información",
+          warning: "Advertencia",
+          critical: "Crítica"
+        }
+      },
+      action_url: {
+        label: "URL de acción"
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Fecha de creación"
+      }
+    },
+    _views: {
+      mine: {
+        label: "Notificaciones",
+        emptyState: {
+          title: "Sin notificaciones",
+          message: "No hay notificaciones."
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_receipt: {
+    label: "Notification Receipt",
+    pluralLabel: "Notification Receipts",
+    description: "Per-recipient × channel receipt; the source of truth for notification read-state.",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "Receipt ID"
+      },
+      notification_id: {
+        label: "Notification Event",
+        help: "FK → sys_notification (L2 event)"
+      },
+      delivery_id: {
+        label: "Delivery",
+        help: "FK → sys_notification_delivery (outbox row); null until P1"
+      },
+      user_id: {
+        label: "Recipient User"
+      },
+      channel: {
+        label: "Channel",
+        help: "Channel id this receipt is for (inbox / email / push / …)"
+      },
+      state: {
+        label: "State",
+        options: {
+          delivered: "delivered",
+          read: "read",
+          clicked: "clicked",
+          dismissed: "dismissed"
+        }
+      },
+      at: {
+        label: "At",
+        help: "When the receipt reached its current state"
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Created At"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_delivery: {
+    label: "Notification Delivery",
+    pluralLabel: "Notification Deliveries",
+    description: "Durable per-recipient × channel delivery outbox (ADR-0030 Layer 4).",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "Delivery ID"
+      },
+      notification_id: {
+        label: "Notification Event",
+        help: "FK → sys_notification (L2 event)"
+      },
+      recipient_id: {
+        label: "Recipient User"
+      },
+      channel: {
+        label: "Channel"
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "Topic"
+      },
+      digest_key: {
+        label: "Digest Key",
+        help: "recipient|channel|window grouping key for batched (digest) deliveries; null for normal sends."
+      },
+      payload: {
+        label: "Payload",
+        help: "Snapshot of the rendered notification content for dispatch."
+      },
+      status: {
+        label: "Status",
+        options: {
+          pending: "pending",
+          in_flight: "in_flight",
+          success: "success",
+          failed: "failed",
+          dead: "dead",
+          suppressed: "suppressed"
+        }
+      },
+      attempts: {
+        label: "Attempts"
+      },
+      partition_key: {
+        label: "Partition Key"
+      },
+      claimed_by: {
+        label: "Claimed By",
+        help: "Node id while in_flight"
+      },
+      claimed_at: {
+        label: "Claimed At (ms)"
+      },
+      next_attempt_at: {
+        label: "Next Attempt At (ms)"
+      },
+      last_attempted_at: {
+        label: "Last Attempted At (ms)"
+      },
+      error: {
+        label: "Error"
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Created At"
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        label: "Updated At"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_preference: {
+    label: "Notification Preference",
+    pluralLabel: "Notification Preferences",
+    description: "Per-user × topic × channel notification toggle (mute/allow), with admin-global defaults.",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "Preference ID"
+      },
+      user_id: {
+        label: "User",
+        help: "Recipient user id, or '*' for the admin-global default."
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "Topic",
+        help: "Notification topic, or '*' for all topics."
+      },
+      channel: {
+        label: "Channel",
+        help: "Channel id (inbox/email/push/…), or '*' for all channels."
+      },
+      enabled: {
+        label: "Enabled",
+        help: "When false, this (user, topic, channel) is muted."
+      },
+      digest: {
+        label: "Digest",
+        help: "Batch cadence (P3 digest middleware).",
+        options: {
+          none: "none",
+          daily: "daily",
+          weekly: "weekly"
+        }
+      },
+      quiet_hours: {
+        label: "Quiet Hours",
+        help: "Optional { tz, start, end } window (P3 quiet-hours middleware)."
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Created At"
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        label: "Updated At"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_subscription: {
+    label: "Notification Subscription",
+    pluralLabel: "Notification Subscriptions",
+    description: "Standing subscription of a principal (role/team/user) to a notification topic.",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "Subscription ID"
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "Topic",
+        help: "Notification topic this principal subscribes to."
+      },
+      principal: {
+        label: "Principal",
+        help: "Subscriber selector: 'role:x' | 'team:x' | 'user:id' | bare user id."
+      },
+      enabled: {
+        label: "Enabled",
+        help: "When false, the subscription is inactive."
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Created At"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_template: {
+    label: "Notification Template",
+    pluralLabel: "Notification Templates",
+    description: "Per (topic × channel × locale) render template for notifications.",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "Template ID"
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "Topic"
+      },
+      channel: {
+        label: "Channel",
+        help: "Channel id this template renders for (email/inbox/push/…)."
+      },
+      locale: {
+        label: "Locale",
+        help: "BCP-47 locale, e.g. 'en' / 'en-US' / 'zh-CN'."
+      },
+      version: {
+        label: "Version"
+      },
+      subject: {
+        label: "Subject / Title",
+        help: "Rendered into the email subject / inbox title. Supports {{ payload.x }}."
+      },
+      body: {
+        label: "Body",
+        help: "Template body. Supports {{ payload.x }}. Interpreted per `format`."
+      },
+      format: {
+        label: "Body Format",
+        options: {
+          markdown: "markdown",
+          html: "html",
+          text: "text",
+          mjml: "mjml"
+        }
+      },
+      is_active: {
+        label: "Active",
+        help: "Only active templates are selected at render time."
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Created At"
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        label: "Updated At"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_http_delivery: {
+    label: "HTTP Delivery",
+    pluralLabel: "HTTP Deliveries",
+    description: "Durable outbox row for one outbound-HTTP attempt (ADR-0018). Managed by @objectstack/service-messaging; do not write directly.",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "Delivery ID",
+        help: "UUID — also doubles as the receiver-side idempotency key"
+      },
+      source: {
+        label: "Source",
+        help: "Provenance domain, e.g. 'webhook' | 'flow'. UNIQUE(source, dedup_key)."
+      },
+      ref_id: {
+        label: "Ref ID",
+        help: "Partition/ordering anchor within source (webhook id, flow id, …)"
+      },
+      dedup_key: {
+        label: "Dedup Key",
+        help: "UNIQUE(source, dedup_key) for at-most-once enqueue"
+      },
+      label: {
+        label: "Label",
+        help: "Diagnostic label / event type — surfaced on X-Objectstack-Event"
+      },
+      url: {
+        label: "Target URL",
+        help: "Snapshotted at enqueue so config edits do not rewrite live rows"
+      },
+      method: {
+        label: "Method"
+      },
+      headers_json: {
+        label: "Headers JSON"
+      },
+      signing_secret: {
+        label: "HMAC Secret"
+      },
+      timeout_ms: {
+        label: "Timeout (ms)"
+      },
+      payload_json: {
+        label: "Payload JSON"
+      },
+      partition_key: {
+        label: "Partition",
+        help: "hash(ref_id) mod partitionCount — precomputed for cheap WHERE"
+      },
+      status: {
+        label: "Status",
+        help: "pending | in_flight | success | failed | dead"
+      },
+      attempts: {
+        label: "Attempts",
+        help: "Number of attempts made so far"
+      },
+      claimed_by: {
+        label: "Claimed By"
+      },
+      claimed_at: {
+        label: "Claimed At (ms)"
+      },
+      next_retry_at: {
+        label: "Next Retry At (ms)"
+      },
+      last_attempted_at: {
+        label: "Last Attempted At (ms)"
+      },
+      response_code: {
+        label: "HTTP Status"
+      },
+      response_body: {
+        label: "Response Body (capped)"
+      },
+      error: {
+        label: "Error"
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Created At"
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        label: "Updated At"
+      }
+    },
+    _views: {
+      recent: {
+        label: "Recent"
+      },
+      failures: {
+        label: "Failures"
+      },
+      pending: {
+        label: "Pending"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+};
diff --git a/packages/services/service-messaging/src/translations/index.ts b/packages/services/service-messaging/src/translations/index.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..5f4e71d7fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/services/service-messaging/src/translations/index.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2026 ObjectStack. Licensed under the Apache-2.0 license.
+
+/**
+ * MessagingTranslations — i18n bundle owned by this service (ADR-0029 D8).
+ *
+ * Object label/field/view/action translations for the sys_* objects this
+ * service owns (sys_inbox_message / sys_notification_receipt /
+ * sys_notification_delivery / sys_notification_preference /
+ * sys_notification_subscription / sys_notification_template /
+ * sys_http_delivery). Loaded at runtime via the plugin's `kernel:ready`
+ * hook (`i18n.loadTranslations`). Regenerate with `os i18n extract`
+ * against `scripts/i18n-extract.config.ts`.
+ */
+
+import type { TranslationBundle } from '@objectstack/spec/system';
+import { enObjects } from './en.objects.generated.js';
+import { zhCNObjects } from './zh-CN.objects.generated.js';
+import { jaJPObjects } from './ja-JP.objects.generated.js';
+import { esESObjects } from './es-ES.objects.generated.js';
+
+export const MessagingTranslations: TranslationBundle = {
+  en: { objects: enObjects },
+  'zh-CN': { objects: zhCNObjects },
+  'ja-JP': { objects: jaJPObjects },
+  'es-ES': { objects: esESObjects },
+};
diff --git a/packages/services/service-messaging/src/translations/ja-JP.objects.generated.ts b/packages/services/service-messaging/src/translations/ja-JP.objects.generated.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..a422a8c6b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/services/service-messaging/src/translations/ja-JP.objects.generated.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2025 ObjectStack. Licensed under the Apache-2.0 license.
+
+/**
+ * Auto-generated by 'os i18n extract' for locale 'ja-JP'.
+ * Edit translations in place; re-run extract (with --merge) to fill new gaps.
+ * Do not hand-edit the structure — only the leaf string values.
+ */
+
+import type { TranslationData } from '@objectstack/spec/system';
+
+export const jaJPObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
+  sys_inbox_message: {
+    label: "受信メッセージ",
+    pluralLabel: "受信メッセージ",
+    description: "受信トレイ通知チャネルによって生成される、エンドユーザー向けのアプリ内通知行。",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "受信メッセージ ID"
+      },
+      user_id: {
+        label: "受信ユーザー"
+      },
+      notification_id: {
+        label: "通知イベント",
+        help: "外部キー → sys_notification(この行が具現化する L2 イベント)"
+      },
+      delivery_id: {
+        label: "配信レコード",
+        help: "外部キー → sys_notification_delivery(アウトボックス行);P1 までは null"
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "トピック"
+      },
+      title: {
+        label: "タイトル"
+      },
+      body_md: {
+        label: "本文"
+      },
+      severity: {
+        label: "重大度",
+        options: {
+          info: "情報",
+          warning: "警告",
+          critical: "重大"
+        }
+      },
+      action_url: {
+        label: "アクション URL"
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "作成日時"
+      }
+    },
+    _views: {
+      mine: {
+        label: "通知",
+        emptyState: {
+          title: "通知はありません",
+          message: "現在、通知はありません。"
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_receipt: {
+    label: "Notification Receipt",
+    pluralLabel: "Notification Receipts",
+    description: "Per-recipient × channel receipt; the source of truth for notification read-state.",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "Receipt ID"
+      },
+      notification_id: {
+        label: "Notification Event",
+        help: "FK → sys_notification (L2 event)"
+      },
+      delivery_id: {
+        label: "Delivery",
+        help: "FK → sys_notification_delivery (outbox row); null until P1"
+      },
+      user_id: {
+        label: "Recipient User"
+      },
+      channel: {
+        label: "Channel",
+        help: "Channel id this receipt is for (inbox / email / push / …)"
+      },
+      state: {
+        label: "State",
+        options: {
+          delivered: "delivered",
+          read: "read",
+          clicked: "clicked",
+          dismissed: "dismissed"
+        }
+      },
+      at: {
+        label: "At",
+        help: "When the receipt reached its current state"
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Created At"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_delivery: {
+    label: "Notification Delivery",
+    pluralLabel: "Notification Deliveries",
+    description: "Durable per-recipient × channel delivery outbox (ADR-0030 Layer 4).",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "Delivery ID"
+      },
+      notification_id: {
+        label: "Notification Event",
+        help: "FK → sys_notification (L2 event)"
+      },
+      recipient_id: {
+        label: "Recipient User"
+      },
+      channel: {
+        label: "Channel"
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "Topic"
+      },
+      digest_key: {
+        label: "Digest Key",
+        help: "recipient|channel|window grouping key for batched (digest) deliveries; null for normal sends."
+      },
+      payload: {
+        label: "Payload",
+        help: "Snapshot of the rendered notification content for dispatch."
+      },
+      status: {
+        label: "Status",
+        options: {
+          pending: "pending",
+          in_flight: "in_flight",
+          success: "success",
+          failed: "failed",
+          dead: "dead",
+          suppressed: "suppressed"
+        }
+      },
+      attempts: {
+        label: "Attempts"
+      },
+      partition_key: {
+        label: "Partition Key"
+      },
+      claimed_by: {
+        label: "Claimed By",
+        help: "Node id while in_flight"
+      },
+      claimed_at: {
+        label: "Claimed At (ms)"
+      },
+      next_attempt_at: {
+        label: "Next Attempt At (ms)"
+      },
+      last_attempted_at: {
+        label: "Last Attempted At (ms)"
+      },
+      error: {
+        label: "Error"
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Created At"
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        label: "Updated At"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_preference: {
+    label: "Notification Preference",
+    pluralLabel: "Notification Preferences",
+    description: "Per-user × topic × channel notification toggle (mute/allow), with admin-global defaults.",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "Preference ID"
+      },
+      user_id: {
+        label: "User",
+        help: "Recipient user id, or '*' for the admin-global default."
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "Topic",
+        help: "Notification topic, or '*' for all topics."
+      },
+      channel: {
+        label: "Channel",
+        help: "Channel id (inbox/email/push/…), or '*' for all channels."
+      },
+      enabled: {
+        label: "Enabled",
+        help: "When false, this (user, topic, channel) is muted."
+      },
+      digest: {
+        label: "Digest",
+        help: "Batch cadence (P3 digest middleware).",
+        options: {
+          none: "none",
+          daily: "daily",
+          weekly: "weekly"
+        }
+      },
+      quiet_hours: {
+        label: "Quiet Hours",
+        help: "Optional { tz, start, end } window (P3 quiet-hours middleware)."
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Created At"
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        label: "Updated At"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_subscription: {
+    label: "Notification Subscription",
+    pluralLabel: "Notification Subscriptions",
+    description: "Standing subscription of a principal (role/team/user) to a notification topic.",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "Subscription ID"
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "Topic",
+        help: "Notification topic this principal subscribes to."
+      },
+      principal: {
+        label: "Principal",
+        help: "Subscriber selector: 'role:x' | 'team:x' | 'user:id' | bare user id."
+      },
+      enabled: {
+        label: "Enabled",
+        help: "When false, the subscription is inactive."
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Created At"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_template: {
+    label: "Notification Template",
+    pluralLabel: "Notification Templates",
+    description: "Per (topic × channel × locale) render template for notifications.",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "Template ID"
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "Topic"
+      },
+      channel: {
+        label: "Channel",
+        help: "Channel id this template renders for (email/inbox/push/…)."
+      },
+      locale: {
+        label: "Locale",
+        help: "BCP-47 locale, e.g. 'en' / 'en-US' / 'zh-CN'."
+      },
+      version: {
+        label: "Version"
+      },
+      subject: {
+        label: "Subject / Title",
+        help: "Rendered into the email subject / inbox title. Supports {{ payload.x }}."
+      },
+      body: {
+        label: "Body",
+        help: "Template body. Supports {{ payload.x }}. Interpreted per `format`."
+      },
+      format: {
+        label: "Body Format",
+        options: {
+          markdown: "markdown",
+          html: "html",
+          text: "text",
+          mjml: "mjml"
+        }
+      },
+      is_active: {
+        label: "Active",
+        help: "Only active templates are selected at render time."
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Created At"
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        label: "Updated At"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_http_delivery: {
+    label: "HTTP Delivery",
+    pluralLabel: "HTTP Deliveries",
+    description: "Durable outbox row for one outbound-HTTP attempt (ADR-0018). Managed by @objectstack/service-messaging; do not write directly.",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "Delivery ID",
+        help: "UUID — also doubles as the receiver-side idempotency key"
+      },
+      source: {
+        label: "Source",
+        help: "Provenance domain, e.g. 'webhook' | 'flow'. UNIQUE(source, dedup_key)."
+      },
+      ref_id: {
+        label: "Ref ID",
+        help: "Partition/ordering anchor within source (webhook id, flow id, …)"
+      },
+      dedup_key: {
+        label: "Dedup Key",
+        help: "UNIQUE(source, dedup_key) for at-most-once enqueue"
+      },
+      label: {
+        label: "Label",
+        help: "Diagnostic label / event type — surfaced on X-Objectstack-Event"
+      },
+      url: {
+        label: "Target URL",
+        help: "Snapshotted at enqueue so config edits do not rewrite live rows"
+      },
+      method: {
+        label: "Method"
+      },
+      headers_json: {
+        label: "Headers JSON"
+      },
+      signing_secret: {
+        label: "HMAC Secret"
+      },
+      timeout_ms: {
+        label: "Timeout (ms)"
+      },
+      payload_json: {
+        label: "Payload JSON"
+      },
+      partition_key: {
+        label: "Partition",
+        help: "hash(ref_id) mod partitionCount — precomputed for cheap WHERE"
+      },
+      status: {
+        label: "Status",
+        help: "pending | in_flight | success | failed | dead"
+      },
+      attempts: {
+        label: "Attempts",
+        help: "Number of attempts made so far"
+      },
+      claimed_by: {
+        label: "Claimed By"
+      },
+      claimed_at: {
+        label: "Claimed At (ms)"
+      },
+      next_retry_at: {
+        label: "Next Retry At (ms)"
+      },
+      last_attempted_at: {
+        label: "Last Attempted At (ms)"
+      },
+      response_code: {
+        label: "HTTP Status"
+      },
+      response_body: {
+        label: "Response Body (capped)"
+      },
+      error: {
+        label: "Error"
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "Created At"
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        label: "Updated At"
+      }
+    },
+    _views: {
+      recent: {
+        label: "Recent"
+      },
+      failures: {
+        label: "Failures"
+      },
+      pending: {
+        label: "Pending"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+};
diff --git a/packages/services/service-messaging/src/translations/zh-CN.objects.generated.ts b/packages/services/service-messaging/src/translations/zh-CN.objects.generated.ts
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..01d7219a3c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/services/service-messaging/src/translations/zh-CN.objects.generated.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2025 ObjectStack. Licensed under the Apache-2.0 license.
+
+/**
+ * Auto-generated by 'os i18n extract' for locale 'zh-CN'.
+ * Edit translations in place; re-run extract (with --merge) to fill new gaps.
+ * Do not hand-edit the structure — only the leaf string values.
+ */
+
+import type { TranslationData } from '@objectstack/spec/system';
+
+export const zhCNObjects: NonNullable<TranslationData['objects']> = {
+  sys_inbox_message: {
+    label: "站内消息",
+    pluralLabel: "站内消息",
+    description: "由站内信通道物化的应用内通知记录,面向最终用户。",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "站内消息 ID"
+      },
+      user_id: {
+        label: "接收用户"
+      },
+      notification_id: {
+        label: "通知事件",
+        help: "外键 → sys_notification(本行物化的 L2 事件)"
+      },
+      delivery_id: {
+        label: "投递记录",
+        help: "外键 → sys_notification_delivery(发件箱行);P1 之前为空"
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "主题"
+      },
+      title: {
+        label: "标题"
+      },
+      body_md: {
+        label: "正文"
+      },
+      severity: {
+        label: "严重程度",
+        options: {
+          info: "信息",
+          warning: "警告",
+          critical: "严重"
+        }
+      },
+      action_url: {
+        label: "操作链接"
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "创建时间"
+      }
+    },
+    _views: {
+      mine: {
+        label: "通知",
+        emptyState: {
+          title: "暂无通知",
+          message: "目前没有任何通知。"
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_receipt: {
+    label: "通知回执",
+    pluralLabel: "通知回执",
+    description: "按接收人 × 通道的回执;通知已读状态的唯一权威来源。",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "回执 ID"
+      },
+      notification_id: {
+        label: "通知事件",
+        help: "外键 → sys_notification(L2 事件)"
+      },
+      delivery_id: {
+        label: "投递记录",
+        help: "外键 → sys_notification_delivery(发件箱行);P1 之前为空"
+      },
+      user_id: {
+        label: "接收用户"
+      },
+      channel: {
+        label: "通道",
+        help: "本回执对应的通道 ID(inbox / email / push / …)"
+      },
+      state: {
+        label: "状态",
+        options: {
+          delivered: "已送达",
+          read: "已读",
+          clicked: "已点击",
+          dismissed: "已忽略"
+        }
+      },
+      at: {
+        label: "状态时间",
+        help: "回执到达当前状态的时间"
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "创建时间"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_delivery: {
+    label: "通知投递",
+    pluralLabel: "通知投递",
+    description: "持久化的按接收人 × 通道投递发件箱(ADR-0030 第 4 层)。",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "投递 ID"
+      },
+      notification_id: {
+        label: "通知事件",
+        help: "外键 → sys_notification(L2 事件)"
+      },
+      recipient_id: {
+        label: "接收用户"
+      },
+      channel: {
+        label: "通道"
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "主题"
+      },
+      digest_key: {
+        label: "摘要键",
+        help: "批量(摘要)投递的 接收人|通道|窗口 分组键;普通发送为空。"
+      },
+      payload: {
+        label: "负载",
+        help: "用于分发的通知内容渲染快照。"
+      },
+      status: {
+        label: "状态",
+        options: {
+          pending: "待处理",
+          in_flight: "投递中",
+          success: "成功",
+          failed: "失败",
+          dead: "死信",
+          suppressed: "已抑制"
+        }
+      },
+      attempts: {
+        label: "尝试次数"
+      },
+      partition_key: {
+        label: "分区键"
+      },
+      claimed_by: {
+        label: "认领节点",
+        help: "投递中时的节点 ID"
+      },
+      claimed_at: {
+        label: "认领时间(毫秒)"
+      },
+      next_attempt_at: {
+        label: "下次尝试时间(毫秒)"
+      },
+      last_attempted_at: {
+        label: "上次尝试时间(毫秒)"
+      },
+      error: {
+        label: "错误"
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "创建时间"
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        label: "更新时间"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_preference: {
+    label: "通知偏好",
+    pluralLabel: "通知偏好",
+    description: "按用户 × 主题 × 通道的通知开关(静音/允许),支持管理员全局默认值。",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "偏好 ID"
+      },
+      user_id: {
+        label: "用户",
+        help: "接收用户 ID,'*' 表示管理员全局默认值。"
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "主题",
+        help: "通知主题,'*' 表示所有主题。"
+      },
+      channel: {
+        label: "通道",
+        help: "通道 ID(inbox/email/push/…),'*' 表示所有通道。"
+      },
+      enabled: {
+        label: "启用",
+        help: "为 false 时,该(用户、主题、通道)组合被静音。"
+      },
+      digest: {
+        label: "摘要",
+        help: "批量发送节奏(P3 摘要中间件)。",
+        options: {
+          none: "不摘要",
+          daily: "每日",
+          weekly: "每周"
+        }
+      },
+      quiet_hours: {
+        label: "免打扰时段",
+        help: "可选的 { tz, start, end } 时间窗(P3 免打扰中间件)。"
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "创建时间"
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        label: "更新时间"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_subscription: {
+    label: "通知订阅",
+    pluralLabel: "通知订阅",
+    description: "主体(角色/团队/用户)对通知主题的长期订阅。",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "订阅 ID"
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "主题",
+        help: "该主体订阅的通知主题。"
+      },
+      principal: {
+        label: "主体",
+        help: "订阅者选择器:'role:x' | 'team:x' | 'user:id' | 裸用户 ID。"
+      },
+      enabled: {
+        label: "启用",
+        help: "为 false 时,订阅不生效。"
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "创建时间"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_notification_template: {
+    label: "通知模板",
+    pluralLabel: "通知模板",
+    description: "按(主题 × 通道 × 语言)的通知渲染模板。",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "模板 ID"
+      },
+      topic: {
+        label: "主题"
+      },
+      channel: {
+        label: "通道",
+        help: "本模板渲染的通道 ID(email/inbox/push/…)。"
+      },
+      locale: {
+        label: "语言",
+        help: "BCP-47 语言代码,如 'en' / 'en-US' / 'zh-CN'。"
+      },
+      version: {
+        label: "版本"
+      },
+      subject: {
+        label: "主题 / 标题",
+        help: "渲染为邮件主题 / 站内信标题。支持 {{ payload.x }}。"
+      },
+      body: {
+        label: "正文",
+        help: "模板正文。支持 {{ payload.x }},按 `format` 解释。"
+      },
+      format: {
+        label: "正文格式",
+        options: {
+          markdown: "Markdown",
+          html: "HTML",
+          text: "纯文本",
+          mjml: "MJML"
+        }
+      },
+      is_active: {
+        label: "启用",
+        help: "渲染时仅选用启用中的模板。"
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "创建时间"
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        label: "更新时间"
+      }
+    }
+  },
+  sys_http_delivery: {
+    label: "HTTP 投递",
+    pluralLabel: "HTTP 投递",
+    description: "单次出站 HTTP 调用的持久化发件箱行(ADR-0018)。由 @objectstack/service-messaging 管理,请勿直接写入。",
+    fields: {
+      id: {
+        label: "投递 ID",
+        help: "UUID——同时作为接收方的幂等键"
+      },
+      source: {
+        label: "来源",
+        help: "来源域,如 'webhook' | 'flow'。UNIQUE(source, dedup_key)。"
+      },
+      ref_id: {
+        label: "引用 ID",
+        help: "来源内的分区/排序锚点(webhook ID、flow ID 等)"
+      },
+      dedup_key: {
+        label: "去重键",
+        help: "UNIQUE(source, dedup_key) 保证至多入队一次"
+      },
+      label: {
+        label: "标签",
+        help: "诊断标签 / 事件类型——通过 X-Objectstack-Event 头暴露"
+      },
+      url: {
+        label: "目标 URL",
+        help: "入队时快照,配置修改不会改写已存在的行"
+      },
+      method: {
+        label: "请求方法"
+      },
+      headers_json: {
+        label: "请求头 JSON"
+      },
+      signing_secret: {
+        label: "HMAC 密钥"
+      },
+      timeout_ms: {
+        label: "超时(毫秒)"
+      },
+      payload_json: {
+        label: "负载 JSON"
+      },
+      partition_key: {
+        label: "分区",
+        help: "hash(ref_id) mod partitionCount——预计算以便低成本过滤"
+      },
+      status: {
+        label: "状态",
+        help: "pending | in_flight | success | failed | dead"
+      },
+      attempts: {
+        label: "尝试次数",
+        help: "迄今已尝试的次数"
+      },
+      claimed_by: {
+        label: "认领节点"
+      },
+      claimed_at: {
+        label: "认领时间(毫秒)"
+      },
+      next_retry_at: {
+        label: "下次重试时间(毫秒)"
+      },
+      last_attempted_at: {
+        label: "上次尝试时间(毫秒)"
+      },
+      response_code: {
+        label: "HTTP 状态码"
+      },
+      response_body: {
+        label: "响应体(截断)"
+      },
+      error: {
+        label: "错误"
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        label: "创建时间"
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        label: "更新时间"
+      }
+    },
+    _views: {
+      recent: {
+        label: "最近"
+      },
+      failures: {
+        label: "失败"
+      },
+      pending: {
+        label: "待处理"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+};
diff --git a/packages/spec/src/system/translation.zod.ts b/packages/spec/src/system/translation.zod.ts
index a7d2ec11e8..80e5126623 100644
--- a/packages/spec/src/system/translation.zod.ts
+++ b/packages/spec/src/system/translation.zod.ts
@@ -62,10 +62,16 @@ export const ObjectTranslationDataSchema = lazySchema(() => z.object({
    * Convention (auto-resolved by `resolveViewLabel`):
    *   objects.<object>._views.<view_name>.label
    *   objects.<object>._views.<view_name>.description
+   *   objects.<object>._views.<view_name>.emptyState.title
+   *   objects.<object>._views.<view_name>.emptyState.message
    */
   _views: z.record(z.string(), z.object({
     label: z.string().optional().describe('Translated view label'),
     description: z.string().optional().describe('Translated view description'),
+    emptyState: z.object({
+      title: z.string().optional().describe('Translated empty-state title'),
+      message: z.string().optional().describe('Translated empty-state message'),
+    }).optional().describe('Translated empty-state copy shown when the view has no rows'),
   })).optional().describe('View translations keyed by view name'),
 
   /**
@@ -478,6 +484,10 @@ export const ObjectTranslationNodeSchema = lazySchema(() => z.object({
   _views: z.record(z.string(), z.object({
     label: z.string().optional().describe('Translated view label'),
     description: z.string().optional().describe('Translated view description'),
+    emptyState: z.object({
+      title: z.string().optional().describe('Translated empty-state title'),
+      message: z.string().optional().describe('Translated empty-state message'),
+    }).optional().describe('Translated empty-state copy shown when the view has no rows'),
   })).optional().describe('View translations keyed by view name'),
 
   /** Section (form section / tab) translations keyed by section name */