Initialize the Server

Author: dumindu

content/en/labs/a2.initialize-the-server.md

@@ -29,15 +29,16 @@ These steps will generate the following folder structure,
                 └── app.rs
 ```
 
-{{< tabs count=3 label="Select File" >}}
-{{< tab label="app.rs" >}}
+{{< tabs count=3 label="Select File" >}} {{< tab label="app.rs" >}}
+
 ```rust {title="crates/book_service/src/bin/app.rs"}
 fn main() {
     println!("Hello, world!");
 }
 ```
-{{< /tab >}}
-{{< tab label="Cargo.toml" >}}
+
+{{< /tab >}} {{< tab label="Cargo.toml" >}}
+
 ```rust {title="crates/book_service/Cargo.toml"}
 [package]
 name = "book_service"
@@ -51,15 +52,16 @@ path = "src/bin/app.rs"
 
 [dependencies]
 ```
-{{< /tab >}}
-{{< tab label="Root Cargo.toml" >}}
+
+{{< /tab >}} {{< tab label="Root Cargo.toml" >}}
+
 ```toml {title="Cargo.toml"}
 [workspace]
 resolver = "3"
 members = ["crates/book_service"]
 ```
-{{< /tab >}}
-{{< /tabs >}}
+
+{{< /tab >}} {{< /tabs >}}
 
 > [!tip]
 > You should see `Hello, world!` while running `cargo run -p book_service` from the project root.
@@ -92,7 +94,7 @@ Add a new file `.gitattributes` to the project root.
 > git commit -m "Create New Workspace"
 > ```
 
-## Add `rustfmt.toml`
+## Configure `rustfmt`
 
 Add a new file `rustfmt.toml` to the project root.
 
@@ -118,6 +120,48 @@ format_code_in_doc_comments = true
 format_macro_matchers = true
 ```
 
+> [!tip]
+> Most above features have not been stable for years. And by default Rust makes, unstable features are only available in
+nightly channel. So, we need to:
+> - Run `rustup component add rustfmt --toolchain nightly` to install `rustfmt` on nightly toolchain.
+> - Then `cargo +nightly fmt --all --check` to run `rustfmt` on nightly toolchain, with unstable features.
+
+## Configure `clippy`
+
+Add the following configurations to the `book_service/Cargo.toml`.
+
+```toml
+[lints]
+workspace = true
+```
+
+Add the following clippy configurations to the `Cargo.toml` file in the project root.
+
+```toml
+[workspace.lints.clippy]
+doc_markdown = "warn"
+manual_let_else = "warn"
+match_same_arms = "warn"
+redundant_closure_for_method_calls = "warn"
+redundant_else = "warn"
+semicolon_if_nothing_returned = "warn"
+type_complexity = "allow"
+undocumented_unsafe_blocks = "warn"
+unwrap_or_default = "warn"
+needless_lifetimes = "allow"
+too_many_arguments = "allow"
+nonstandard_macro_braces = "warn"
+print_stdout = "warn"
+print_stderr = "warn"
+
+ptr_as_ptr = "warn"
+ptr_cast_constness = "warn"
+ref_as_ptr = "warn"
+
+allow_attributes = "warn"
+allow_attributes_without_reason = "warn"
+```
+
 ## Add Initial Dependency Crates
 
 Run following `cargo add` commands from the `book_service` folder:
@@ -158,7 +202,6 @@ Update `book_service/src/bin/app.rs`
 
 ```rust
 use book_service::routes;
-
 use tracing::info;
 use tracing_subscriber::{EnvFilter, layer::SubscriberExt, util::SubscriberInitExt};
 
@@ -187,12 +230,121 @@ async fn main() -> anyhow::Result<()> {
 Run `cargo run -p book_service` and you should see our initial log `"Starting server"`.
 
 ```json
-{"timestamp":"2027-01-01T00:00:00.123456Z","level":"INFO","fields":{"message":"Starting server","addr":"0.0.0.0:3000"}}
+{
+  "timestamp": "2027-01-01T00:00:00.123456Z",
+  "level": "INFO",
+  "fields": {
+    "message": "Starting server",
+    "addr": "0.0.0.0:3000"
+  }
+}
 ```
 
 Run `curl -i 'http://localhost:3000/livez'` and you should see `HTTP/1.1 200 OK` in its response.
 
 > [!tip]
-> - We use [`tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter`](https://docs.rs/tracing-subscriber/latest/tracing_subscriber/filter/struct.EnvFilter.html) to filter spans and events based the given set of filter directives, \
->   `"info,tower_http=warn,axum=warn,toasty=warn,tokio_postgres=warn"`
-> - Change it (log level) to just `"trace"`, rerun the application, and trigger the `curl` request. Now, you can see all trace logs generated by Axum and 3rd party crates.
+> - We use [
+    `tracing_subscriber::EnvFilter`](https://docs.rs/tracing-subscriber/latest/tracing_subscriber/filter/struct.EnvFilter.html)
+    to filter spans and events based the given set of filter directives, \
+    > `"info,tower_http=warn,axum=warn,toasty=warn,tokio_postgres=warn"`
+> - Change it (log level) to just `"trace"`, rerun the application, and trigger the `curl` request. Now, you can see all
+    trace logs generated by Axum and 3rd party crates.
+
+## Add Initial justfiles
+
+> [!tip]
+> To improve developer productivity, we use [`Just`](https://github.com/casey/just#installation), a modern command
+runner and alternative to Make.
+
+Add a new file `justfile` to the project root.
+
+```justfile
+# List available commands
+help:
+    @just --list --unsorted --list-prefix '  ' --list-heading $'RESTful API Workspace\n'
+    @echo ''
+    @just --list --unsorted --list-prefix '    ' --list-heading $'  BOOK SERVICE\n' --justfile crates/book_service/justfile
+
+# Run lints on the workspace members (cargo fmt and clippy)
+lint:
+    cargo +nightly fmt --all --check
+    cargo clippy --workspace --all-targets -- -D warnings
+
+# Run cargo check on the workspace members
+check:
+    cargo check --workspace
+
+# Run cargo build on the workspace members
+build:
+    cargo build --workspace --all-targets
+
+# Run cargo clean on the workspace members
+clean:
+    cargo clean
+
+# Run cargo test on the workspace members
+test:
+    cargo test --workspace
+
+# Forward to the BOOK-SERVICE
+mod book "crates/book_service"
+```
+
+Add a new file `book_service/justfile`.
+
+```justfile
+export CARGO_TARGET_DIR := "../../target"
+
+# List available commands
+help:
+    @just --list --unsorted --list-heading $'📖BOOK-SERVICE\n'
+
+# Run lints (cargo fmt and clippy)
+lint:
+    cargo +nightly fmt --package book_service -- --check
+    cargo clippy --all-targets -- -D warnings
+
+# Run cargo check
+check:
+    cargo check
+
+# Run cargo build
+build:
+    cargo build --all-targets
+
+# Run cargo clean on the book_service package
+clean:
+    cargo clean --package book_service
+
+# Run cargo test
+test:
+    cargo test
+
+# Run server app
+app:
+    cargo run --bin app
+```
+
+> [!tip]
+> Run `just` from the project root to view all available commands.
+>
+> ```shell
+> RESTful API Workspace
+>   help     # List available commands
+>   lint     # Run lints on the workspace members (cargo fmt and clippy)
+>   check    # Run cargo check on the workspace members
+>   build    # Run cargo build on the workspace members
+>   clean    # Run cargo clean on the workspace members
+>   test     # Run cargo test on the workspace members
+>   book ... # Forward to the BOOK-SERVICE
+> 
+>   BOOK SERVICE
+>     help  # List available commands
+>     lint  # Run lints (cargo fmt and clippy)
+>     check # Run cargo check
+>     build # Run cargo build
+>     clean # Run cargo clean on the book_service package
+>     test  # Run cargo test
+>     app   # Run server app
+> ```
+> For example: `just book lint` to run `cargo fmt` and `clippy` on the `book_service` package.

docs/index.html

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
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docs/index.xml

@@ -603,8 +603,7 @@ However, it’s good practice to specify the type on variables when usin
 
 
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+	 
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@@ -637,8 +636,7 @@ However, it’s good practice to specify the type on variables when usin
 
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