Add `ActionState` type and make some initial use of it #4037

Job	Run time
Upload debug artifacts (stable-v2.20.3)	5m 50s
Upload debug artifacts (default)	6m 35s
Upload debug artifacts (linked)	5m 44s
Upload debug artifacts (nightly-latest)	5m 28s
Download and check debug artifacts	5s
	23m 42s

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