diff --git a/packages/cloudflare/test/utils/internalSqlQuery.test.ts b/packages/cloudflare/test/utils/internalSqlQuery.test.ts
index 7d119eb8a98f..1d001b4a5150 100644
--- a/packages/cloudflare/test/utils/internalSqlQuery.test.ts
+++ b/packages/cloudflare/test/utils/internalSqlQuery.test.ts
@@ -20,6 +20,17 @@ describe('targetsCloudflareInternalTable', () => {
       ['cf_ai_ prefix', 'INSERT INTO cf_ai_chat_stream_chunks (id) VALUES (?)'],
       ['cf_mcp_ prefix', 'SELECT * FROM cf_mcp_agent_event'],
       ['schema version', 'SELECT version FROM cf_schema_version'],
+      // SQLite upsert forms used by the agents framework for state/schedule/MCP persistence
+      ['INSERT OR REPLACE', 'INSERT OR REPLACE INTO cf_agents_state (id, state) VALUES (?, ?)'],
+      [
+        'INSERT OR REPLACE with column list',
+        `INSERT OR REPLACE INTO cf_agents_mcp_servers ( id, name, server_url, client_id, auth_url,
+          callback_url, server_options )
+        VALUES ( ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ? )`,
+      ],
+      ['INSERT OR IGNORE', 'INSERT OR IGNORE INTO cf_agents_sub_agents (class, name) VALUES (?, ?)'],
+      ['REPLACE INTO', 'REPLACE INTO cf_agents_queues (id, payload) VALUES (?, ?)'],
+      ['UPDATE OR REPLACE', 'UPDATE OR REPLACE cf_agents_state SET state = ? WHERE id = ?'],
     ])('returns true for %s on internal tables', (_label, query) => {
       expect(targetsCloudflareInternalTable(summarize(query))).toBe(true);
     });
@@ -55,6 +66,9 @@ describe('targetsCloudflareInternalTable', () => {
       ['CREATE TABLE', 'CREATE TABLE users (id TEXT PRIMARY KEY)'],
       ['table with cf in the middle', 'SELECT * FROM my_cf_table'],
       ['table starting with cfg', 'SELECT * FROM cfg_settings'],
+      ['INSERT OR REPLACE', 'INSERT OR REPLACE INTO users (id, name) VALUES (?, ?)'],
+      ['REPLACE INTO', 'REPLACE INTO sessions (id, token) VALUES (?, ?)'],
+      ['UPDATE OR IGNORE', 'UPDATE OR IGNORE products SET price = ? WHERE id = ?'],
     ])('returns false for %s on user tables', (_label, query) => {
       expect(targetsCloudflareInternalTable(summarize(query))).toBe(false);
     });
@@ -69,6 +83,14 @@ describe('targetsCloudflareInternalTable', () => {
       expect(targetsCloudflareInternalTable(summarize('SELECT * FROM cf_reports_daily'), [/^cf_reports_/])).toBe(false);
     });
 
+    it('returns false for an allowlisted table targeted by an upsert', () => {
+      expect(
+        targetsCloudflareInternalTable(summarize('INSERT OR REPLACE INTO cf_my_table (id) VALUES (?)'), [
+          'cf_my_table',
+        ]),
+      ).toBe(false);
+    });
+
     it('requires an exact match for string entries', () => {
       // Substring matches must not opt a table back in, otherwise `cf_` would allowlist everything.
       expect(targetsCloudflareInternalTable(summarize('SELECT * FROM cf_agents_state'), ['cf_agents'])).toBe(true);
diff --git a/packages/core/src/utils/sql.ts b/packages/core/src/utils/sql.ts
index 930cf08cfb5e..45c5c4fd19aa 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/utils/sql.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/utils/sql.ts
@@ -8,8 +8,18 @@ const DDL_RE = new RegExp(
   'i',
 );
 
-const INSERT_RE = new RegExp(`^\\s*(?<operation>INSERT)\\s+INTO\\s+(?<table>${TABLE_NAME})`, 'i');
-const UPDATE_RE = new RegExp(`^\\s*(?<operation>UPDATE)\\s+(?<table>${TABLE_NAME})`, 'i');
+// SQLite upserts insert an optional conflict clause between operation and INTO
+// (`INSERT OR REPLACE INTO`, https://sqlite.org/lang_insert.html), with `REPLACE INTO` as the
+// standalone shorthand. The clause is filler like INTO — stripping it keeps upserts on the same
+// low-cardinality summary as plain inserts.
+const INSERT_RE = new RegExp(
+  `^\\s*(?<operation>INSERT|REPLACE)(?:\\s+OR\\s+(?:ROLLBACK|ABORT|FAIL|IGNORE|REPLACE))?\\s+INTO\\s+(?<table>${TABLE_NAME})`,
+  'i',
+);
+const UPDATE_RE = new RegExp(
+  `^\\s*(?<operation>UPDATE)(?:\\s+OR\\s+(?:ROLLBACK|ABORT|FAIL|IGNORE|REPLACE))?\\s+(?<table>${TABLE_NAME})`,
+  'i',
+);
 const DELETE_RE = new RegExp(`^\\s*(?<operation>DELETE)\\s+FROM\\s+(?<table>${TABLE_NAME})`, 'i');
 
 const SELECT_RE = /^\s*\(?\s*(?<operation>SELECT)\b/i;
diff --git a/packages/core/test/lib/utils/sql.test.ts b/packages/core/test/lib/utils/sql.test.ts
index 4cebd5c423b8..7e5bb2140c38 100644
--- a/packages/core/test/lib/utils/sql.test.ts
+++ b/packages/core/test/lib/utils/sql.test.ts
@@ -75,12 +75,39 @@ describe('getSqlQuerySummary', () => {
         'INSERT shipping_details SELECT orders',
       );
     });
+
+    it.each([
+      ['INSERT OR REPLACE INTO users (id) VALUES (?)', 'INSERT users'],
+      ['INSERT OR IGNORE INTO users (id) VALUES (?)', 'INSERT users'],
+      ['INSERT OR ABORT INTO users (id) VALUES (?)', 'INSERT users'],
+      ['INSERT OR FAIL INTO users (id) VALUES (?)', 'INSERT users'],
+      ['INSERT OR ROLLBACK INTO users (id) VALUES (?)', 'INSERT users'],
+      ['insert or replace into orders (id) values (?)', 'insert orders'],
+    ])('strips the SQLite conflict clause: %j => %j', (input, expected) => {
+      expect(getSqlQuerySummary(input)).toBe(expected);
+    });
+
+    it.each([
+      ['REPLACE INTO users (id) VALUES (?)', 'REPLACE users'],
+      ['replace into orders (id) values (?)', 'replace orders'],
+      ['REPLACE INTO shipping_details SELECT * FROM orders', 'REPLACE shipping_details SELECT orders'],
+    ])('handles the REPLACE INTO shorthand: %j => %j', (input, expected) => {
+      expect(getSqlQuerySummary(input)).toBe(expected);
+    });
+
+    it('captures INSERT OR REPLACE...SELECT with both targets', () => {
+      expect(getSqlQuerySummary('INSERT OR REPLACE INTO shipping_details SELECT * FROM orders')).toBe(
+        'INSERT shipping_details SELECT orders',
+      );
+    });
   });
 
   describe('UPDATE', () => {
     it.each([
       ['UPDATE users SET name = ? WHERE id = ?', 'UPDATE users'],
       ['update orders SET status = ? WHERE created_at < ?', 'update orders'],
+      ['UPDATE OR REPLACE users SET name = ? WHERE id = ?', 'UPDATE users'],
+      ['UPDATE OR IGNORE orders SET status = ?', 'UPDATE orders'],
     ])('%j => %j', (input, expected) => {
       expect(getSqlQuerySummary(input)).toBe(expected);
     });