diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index dbdc9144bb0..86c025b70f7 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 * [BUGFIX] Metrics Helper: Fix non-deterministic bucket order in merged histograms by sorting buckets after map iteration, matching Prometheus client library behavior. #7380
 * [BUGFIX] Distributor: Return HTTP 401 Unauthorized when tenant ID resolution fails in the Prometheus Remote Write 2.0 path. #7389
 * [BUGFIX] Packaging: Fix RPM and deb packages to install the binary to `/usr/bin`, install the systemd unit to the correct system path (`/usr/lib/systemd/system` for RPM, `/lib/systemd/system` for deb), and mark the sysconfig/default env file as a config file so it is not overwritten on upgrade. #7445
+* [BUGFIX] Compactor: Handle not-found and access-denied errors from `Attributes()` in bucket index updater, preventing a stale cached `Get()` from causing the entire cleanup cycle to fail when `meta.json` has been deleted from object storage. #7454
 * [BUGFIX] gRPC: Fix panic when `grpc_compression` is set to `snappy` on ingester client or store-gateway client configurations. #7459
 
 ## 1.21.0 2026-04-24
diff --git a/pkg/storage/tsdb/bucketindex/updater.go b/pkg/storage/tsdb/bucketindex/updater.go
index 505dca0be12..42f5fb1620f 100644
--- a/pkg/storage/tsdb/bucketindex/updater.go
+++ b/pkg/storage/tsdb/bucketindex/updater.go
@@ -180,6 +180,12 @@ func (w *Updater) updateBlockIndexEntry(ctx context.Context, id ulid.ULID) (*Blo
 
 	// Get the meta.json attributes.
 	attrs, err := w.bkt.Attributes(ctx, metaFile)
+	if w.bkt.IsObjNotFoundErr(err) {
+		return nil, ErrBlockMetaNotFound
+	}
+	if w.bkt.IsAccessDeniedErr(err) {
+		return nil, errBlockMetaKeyAccessDeniedErr
+	}
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, errors.Wrapf(err, "read meta file attributes: %v", metaFile)
 	}
diff --git a/pkg/storage/tsdb/bucketindex/updater_test.go b/pkg/storage/tsdb/bucketindex/updater_test.go
index dc38b2f77c7..d9b0d559fb4 100644
--- a/pkg/storage/tsdb/bucketindex/updater_test.go
+++ b/pkg/storage/tsdb/bucketindex/updater_test.go
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"encoding/json"
+	"os"
 	"path"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
@@ -184,6 +185,39 @@ func TestUpdater_UpdateIndex_ShouldNotIncreaseOperationFailureMetricCustomerKey(
 		`), "thanos_objstore_bucket_operation_failures_total"))
 }
 
+func TestUpdater_UpdateIndex_ShouldSkipBlockWithMetaAttributesNotFound(t *testing.T) {
+	const userID = "user-1"
+
+	bkt, _ := testutil.PrepareFilesystemBucket(t)
+
+	ctx := context.Background()
+	logger := log.NewNopLogger()
+
+	// Mock some blocks in the storage.
+	bkt = BucketWithGlobalMarkers(bkt)
+	block1 := testutil.MockStorageBlock(t, bkt, userID, 10, 20)
+	block2 := testutil.MockStorageBlock(t, bkt, userID, 20, 30)
+
+	// Simulate a race condition where Get() on meta.json succeeds but Attributes() returns not-found.
+	// This can happen in object stores like S3 when meta.json is deleted between the Get and Attributes calls.
+	bkt = &testutil.MockBucketFailure{
+		Bucket: bkt,
+		AttributesFailures: map[string]error{
+			path.Join(userID, block2.ULID.String(), "meta.json"): os.ErrNotExist,
+		},
+	}
+
+	w := NewUpdater(bkt, userID, nil, logger)
+	idx, partials, _, err := w.UpdateIndex(ctx, nil)
+	require.NoError(t, err)
+	assertBucketIndexEqual(t, idx, bkt, userID,
+		[]tsdb.BlockMeta{block1},
+		[]*metadata.DeletionMark{})
+
+	assert.Len(t, partials, 1)
+	assert.True(t, errors.Is(partials[block2.ULID], ErrBlockMetaNotFound))
+}
+
 func TestUpdater_UpdateIndex_ShouldSkipBlocksWithCorruptedMeta(t *testing.T) {
 	const userID = "user-1"
 
diff --git a/pkg/util/testutil/objstore.go b/pkg/util/testutil/objstore.go
index 0892d19b6fe..efd9fb9aa66 100644
--- a/pkg/util/testutil/objstore.go
+++ b/pkg/util/testutil/objstore.go
@@ -35,9 +35,10 @@ func PrepareFilesystemBucket(t testing.TB) (objstore.InstrumentedBucket, string)
 type MockBucketFailure struct {
 	objstore.Bucket
 
-	DeleteFailures []string
-	GetFailures    map[string]error
-	UploadFailures map[string]error
+	DeleteFailures     []string
+	GetFailures        map[string]error
+	UploadFailures     map[string]error
+	AttributesFailures map[string]error
 
 	UploadCalls atomic.Int32
 	GetCalls    atomic.Int32
@@ -92,9 +93,16 @@ func (m *MockBucketFailure) Upload(ctx context.Context, name string, r io.Reader
 	return m.Bucket.Upload(ctx, name, r, opts...)
 }
 
+func (m *MockBucketFailure) Attributes(ctx context.Context, name string) (objstore.ObjectAttributes, error) {
+	if e, ok := m.AttributesFailures[name]; ok {
+		return objstore.ObjectAttributes{}, e
+	}
+	return m.Bucket.Attributes(ctx, name)
+}
+
 func (m *MockBucketFailure) WithExpectedErrs(expectedFunc objstore.IsOpFailureExpectedFunc) objstore.Bucket {
 	if ibkt, ok := m.Bucket.(objstore.InstrumentedBucket); ok {
-		return &MockBucketFailure{Bucket: ibkt.WithExpectedErrs(expectedFunc), DeleteFailures: m.DeleteFailures, GetFailures: m.GetFailures}
+		return &MockBucketFailure{Bucket: ibkt.WithExpectedErrs(expectedFunc), DeleteFailures: m.DeleteFailures, GetFailures: m.GetFailures, AttributesFailures: m.AttributesFailures}
 	}
 
 	return m
@@ -102,7 +110,7 @@ func (m *MockBucketFailure) WithExpectedErrs(expectedFunc objstore.IsOpFailureEx
 
 func (m *MockBucketFailure) ReaderWithExpectedErrs(expectedFunc objstore.IsOpFailureExpectedFunc) objstore.BucketReader {
 	if ibkt, ok := m.Bucket.(objstore.InstrumentedBucket); ok {
-		return &MockBucketFailure{Bucket: ibkt.WithExpectedErrs(expectedFunc), DeleteFailures: m.DeleteFailures, GetFailures: m.GetFailures}
+		return &MockBucketFailure{Bucket: ibkt.WithExpectedErrs(expectedFunc), DeleteFailures: m.DeleteFailures, GetFailures: m.GetFailures, AttributesFailures: m.AttributesFailures}
 	}
 
 	return m