diff --git a/database/migrations/2025_09_14_000000_create_component_checks_table.php b/database/migrations/2025_09_14_000000_create_component_checks_table.php
index 4f3d92d4..2462090b 100644
--- a/database/migrations/2025_09_14_000000_create_component_checks_table.php
+++ b/database/migrations/2025_09_14_000000_create_component_checks_table.php
@@ -13,7 +13,13 @@ public function up(): void
     {
         Schema::create('component_checks', function (Blueprint $table) {
             $table->id();
-            $table->unsignedInteger('component_id');
+
+            if ($this->componentsTableUsesBigIntegerIds()) {
+                $table->unsignedBigInteger('component_id');
+            } else {
+                $table->unsignedInteger('component_id');
+            }
+
             $table->unsignedTinyInteger('status');
             $table->boolean('successful')->default(false);
             $table->unsignedSmallInteger('response_code')->nullable();
@@ -32,4 +38,17 @@ public function down(): void
     {
         Schema::dropIfExists('component_checks');
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether the components table keys its rows by big integers.
+     *
+     * components.id is an unsigned integer on fresh installations and on
+     * upgrades from 2.x, but a big integer on databases created by early 3.x
+     * builds. MySQL refuses a foreign key whose column type does not match
+     * the column it references, so component_id must mirror the parent.
+     */
+    private function componentsTableUsesBigIntegerIds(): bool
+    {
+        return in_array(Schema::getColumnType('components', 'id'), ['bigint', 'int8'], true);
+    }
 };
diff --git a/database/migrations/2026_07_25_000001_create_component_status_changes_table.php b/database/migrations/2026_07_25_000001_create_component_status_changes_table.php
index 1c805758..7d24fdc5 100644
--- a/database/migrations/2026_07_25_000001_create_component_status_changes_table.php
+++ b/database/migrations/2026_07_25_000001_create_component_status_changes_table.php
@@ -13,7 +13,13 @@ public function up(): void
     {
         Schema::create('component_status_changes', function (Blueprint $table) {
             $table->id();
-            $table->unsignedInteger('component_id');
+
+            if ($this->componentsTableUsesBigIntegerIds()) {
+                $table->unsignedBigInteger('component_id');
+            } else {
+                $table->unsignedInteger('component_id');
+            }
+
             $table->unsignedTinyInteger('old_status')->nullable();
             $table->unsignedTinyInteger('new_status');
             $table->string('source');
@@ -33,4 +39,17 @@ public function down(): void
     {
         Schema::dropIfExists('component_status_changes');
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Whether the components table keys its rows by big integers.
+     *
+     * components.id is an unsigned integer on fresh installations and on
+     * upgrades from 2.x, but a big integer on databases created by early 3.x
+     * builds. MySQL refuses a foreign key whose column type does not match
+     * the column it references, so component_id must mirror the parent.
+     */
+    private function componentsTableUsesBigIntegerIds(): bool
+    {
+        return in_array(Schema::getColumnType('components', 'id'), ['bigint', 'int8'], true);
+    }
 };
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Database/ComponentStatusChangesTableTest.php b/tests/Unit/Database/ComponentStatusChangesTableTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e551c6f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Database/ComponentStatusChangesTableTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+it('creates component_id with the same column type as components.id', function () {
+    $componentsId = collect(Schema::getColumns('components'))->firstWhere('name', 'id');
+    $componentId = collect(Schema::getColumns('component_status_changes'))->firstWhere('name', 'component_id');
+
+    expect($componentId['type'])->toBe($componentsId['type']);
+});
+
+it('constrains component_id to components.id with cascading deletes', function () {
+    $foreignKey = collect(Schema::getForeignKeys('component_status_changes'))
+        ->first(fn (array $key) => $key['columns'] === ['component_id']);
+
+    expect($foreignKey)->not->toBeNull()
+        ->and($foreignKey['foreign_table'])->toBe('components')
+        ->and($foreignKey['foreign_columns'])->toBe(['id'])
+        ->and(strtolower($foreignKey['on_delete']))->toBe('cascade');
+});