diff --git a/sources/academy/webscraping/scraping_basics_javascript/exercises/test.bats b/sources/academy/webscraping/scraping_basics_javascript/exercises/test.bats
index d187a5b911..146d5fb216 100644
--- a/sources/academy/webscraping/scraping_basics_javascript/exercises/test.bats
+++ b/sources/academy/webscraping/scraping_basics_javascript/exercises/test.bats
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 setup_file() {
   cd "$BATS_TEST_DIRNAME"
-  npm init --yes
+  echo '{"name":"exercises","private":true}' > package.json
   npm install cheerio crawlee
 }
 
@@ -8,6 +8,19 @@ teardown() {
   rm -rf products.json storage dataset.json
 }
 
+# Like bats' run, but retries up to 3 times if the command fails with HTTP 429
+run_retry() {
+  local attempt
+  for attempt in 1 2 3; do
+    run "$@"
+    if (( status == 0 )) || [[ "$output" != *429* ]]; then
+      return 0
+    fi
+    echo "Attempt $attempt got HTTP 429, retrying..." >&2
+    sleep $(( attempt * 10 ))
+  done
+}
+
 teardown_file() {
   rm -rf node_modules package.json package-lock.json
 }
@@ -27,25 +40,25 @@ teardown_file() {
 }
 
 @test "outputs the HTML with Star Wars products" {
-  run node lego.mjs
+  run_retry node lego.mjs
 
   [[ "$output" == *"Millennium Falcon"* ]]
 }
 
 @test "counts the number of F1 Academy teams" {
-  run node f1academy_teams.mjs
+  run_retry node f1academy_teams.mjs
 
   [[ "$output" == "6" ]]
 }
 
 @test "counts the number of F1 Academy drivers" {
-  run node f1academy_drivers.mjs
+  run_retry node f1academy_drivers.mjs
 
   [[ "$output" == "18" ]]
 }
 
 @test "lists IMO countries" {
-  run node imo_countries.mjs
+  run_retry node imo_countries.mjs
 
   [[ "$output" == *$'Albania\nLibya\n'* ]]
   [[ "$output" == *$'\nZimbabwe\nFaroes\n'* ]]
@@ -53,7 +66,7 @@ teardown_file() {
 }
 
 @test "lists IMO countries with a single selector" {
-  run node imo_countries_single_selector.mjs
+  run_retry node imo_countries_single_selector.mjs
 
   [[ "$output" == *$'Albania\nLibya\n'* ]]
   [[ "$output" == *$'\nZimbabwe\nFaroes\n'* ]]
@@ -61,14 +74,14 @@ teardown_file() {
 }
 
 @test "lists Guardian F1 article titles" {
-  run node guardian_f1_titles.mjs
+  run_retry node guardian_f1_titles.mjs
 
   [[ "$output" == *' F1 '* ]]
   [[ $(echo "$output" | wc -l) -gt 5 ]]
 }
 
 @test "prints warehouse stock counts" {
-  run node warehouse_units.mjs
+  run_retry node warehouse_units.mjs
 
   [[ "$output" == *$'JBL Flip 4 Waterproof Portable Bluetooth Speaker | 672\n'* ]]
   [[ "$output" == *$'Sony XBR-950G BRAVIA 4K HDR Ultra HD TV | 76\n'* ]]
@@ -76,7 +89,7 @@ teardown_file() {
 }
 
 @test "prints warehouse stock counts using regex" {
-  run node warehouse_units_regex.mjs
+  run_retry node warehouse_units_regex.mjs
 
   [[ "$output" == *$'JBL Flip 4 Waterproof Portable Bluetooth Speaker | 672\n'* ]]
   [[ "$output" == *$'Sony XBR-950G BRAVIA 4K HDR Ultra HD TV | 76\n'* ]]
@@ -84,7 +97,7 @@ teardown_file() {
 }
 
 @test "prints Guardian F1 titles with publish dates" {
-  run node guardian_publish_dates.mjs
+  run_retry node guardian_publish_dates.mjs
 
   [[ "$output" == *' F1 '* ]]
   [[ "$output" == *' | Mon '* ]]  # has info about date, Mondays are very likely
@@ -94,27 +107,27 @@ teardown_file() {
 @test "filters products from JSON" {
   echo '[{"title":"Premium Speakers","minPrice":75000,"price":75000},{"title":"Budget Headphones","minPrice":25000,"price":25000}]' > products.json
 
-  run node process_products_json.mjs
+  run_retry node process_products_json.mjs
 
   [[ "$output" == "{ title: 'Premium Speakers', minPrice: 75000, price: 75000 }" ]]
 }
 
 @test "lists WTA player links" {
-  run node wta_tennis_links.mjs
+  run_retry node wta_tennis_links.mjs
 
   [[ "$output" == *'https://www.wtatennis.com/players/'* ]]
   [[ $(echo "$output" | wc -l) -gt 10 ]]
 }
 
 @test "lists Guardian F1 article links" {
-  run node guardian_f1_links.mjs
+  run_retry node guardian_f1_links.mjs
 
   [[ "$output" == *'https://www.theguardian.com/sport/'* ]]
   [[ $(echo "$output" | wc -l) -gt 5 ]]
 }
 
 @test "lists WTA player birthplaces" {
-  run node wta_tennis_players.mjs
+  run_retry node wta_tennis_players.mjs
 
   [[ "$output" == *'https://www.wtatennis.com/players/'* ]]
   [[ "$output" == *' | '* ]]
@@ -123,7 +136,7 @@ teardown_file() {
 }
 
 @test "lists Guardian F1 authors" {
-  run node guardian_f1_authors.mjs
+  run_retry node guardian_f1_authors.mjs
 
   [[ $(echo "$output" | wc -l) -gt 5 ]]
   [[ "$output" == *' F1 '* ]]
@@ -138,7 +151,7 @@ teardown_file() {
 }
 
 @test "lists JavaScript GitHub repos with the LLM topic" {
-  run node js_llm_projects.mjs
+  run_retry node js_llm_projects.mjs
 
   (( status == 0 ))
   [[ $(echo "$output" | wc -l) -eq 37 ]]
@@ -151,13 +164,13 @@ teardown_file() {
 }
 
 @test "counts total eurozone population" {
-  run node eurozone_population.mjs
+  run_retry node eurozone_population.mjs
 
   [[ "$output" -gt 300000000 ]]
 }
 
 @test "scrapes F1 Academy driver details with Crawlee" {
-  run node crawlee_f1_drivers.mjs
+  run_retry node crawlee_f1_drivers.mjs
 
   (( status == 0 ))
   [[ -f dataset.json ]]
@@ -167,7 +180,7 @@ teardown_file() {
 }
 
 @test "scrapes Netflix user scores with Crawlee" {
-  run node crawlee_netflix_ratings.mjs
+  run_retry node crawlee_netflix_ratings.mjs
 
   (( status == 0 ))
   [[ -f dataset.json ]]
diff --git a/sources/academy/webscraping/scraping_basics_python/exercises/test.bats b/sources/academy/webscraping/scraping_basics_python/exercises/test.bats
index 6d6efa6ea5..a36cdefc02 100644
--- a/sources/academy/webscraping/scraping_basics_python/exercises/test.bats
+++ b/sources/academy/webscraping/scraping_basics_python/exercises/test.bats
@@ -6,6 +6,19 @@ teardown() {
   rm -rf products.json storage dataset.json
 }
 
+# Like bats' run, but retries up to 3 times if the command fails with HTTP 429
+run_retry() {
+  local attempt
+  for attempt in 1 2 3; do
+    run "$@"
+    if (( status == 0 )) || [[ "$output" != *429* ]]; then
+      return 0
+    fi
+    echo "Attempt $attempt got HTTP 429, retrying..." >&2
+    sleep $(( attempt * 10 ))
+  done
+}
+
 @test "covers all exercise scripts" {
   local missing
   missing=0
@@ -21,25 +34,25 @@ teardown() {
 }
 
 @test "outputs the HTML with Star Wars products" {
-  run uv run -q --with=httpx python lego.py
+  run_retry uv run -q --with=httpx python lego.py
 
   [[ "$output" == *"Millennium Falcon"* ]]
 }
 
 @test "counts the number of F1 Academy teams" {
-  run uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python f1academy_teams.py
+  run_retry uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python f1academy_teams.py
 
   [[ "$output" == "6" ]]
 }
 
 @test "counts the number of F1 Academy drivers" {
-  run uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python f1academy_drivers.py
+  run_retry uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python f1academy_drivers.py
 
   [[ "$output" == "18" ]]
 }
 
 @test "lists IMO countries" {
-  run uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python imo_countries.py
+  run_retry uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python imo_countries.py
 
   [[ "$output" == *$'Albania\nLibya\n'* ]]
   [[ "$output" == *$'\nZimbabwe\nFaroes\n'* ]]
@@ -47,7 +60,7 @@ teardown() {
 }
 
 @test "lists IMO countries with a single selector" {
-  run uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python imo_countries_single_selector.py
+  run_retry uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python imo_countries_single_selector.py
 
   [[ "$output" == *$'Albania\nLibya\n'* ]]
   [[ "$output" == *$'\nZimbabwe\nFaroes\n'* ]]
@@ -55,14 +68,14 @@ teardown() {
 }
 
 @test "lists Guardian F1 article titles" {
-  run uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python guardian_f1_titles.py
+  run_retry uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python guardian_f1_titles.py
 
   [[ "$output" == *' F1 '* ]]
   [[ $(echo "$output" | wc -l) -gt 5 ]]
 }
 
 @test "prints warehouse stock counts" {
-  run uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python warehouse_units.py
+  run_retry uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python warehouse_units.py
 
   [[ "$output" == *$'JBL Flip 4 Waterproof Portable Bluetooth Speaker | 672\n'* ]]
   [[ "$output" == *$'Sony XBR-950G BRAVIA 4K HDR Ultra HD TV | 76\n'* ]]
@@ -70,7 +83,7 @@ teardown() {
 }
 
 @test "prints warehouse stock counts using regex" {
-  run uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python warehouse_units_regex.py
+  run_retry uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python warehouse_units_regex.py
 
   [[ "$output" == *$'JBL Flip 4 Waterproof Portable Bluetooth Speaker | 672\n'* ]]
   [[ "$output" == *$'Sony XBR-950G BRAVIA 4K HDR Ultra HD TV | 76\n'* ]]
@@ -78,7 +91,7 @@ teardown() {
 }
 
 @test "prints Guardian F1 titles with publish dates" {
-  run uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python guardian_publish_dates.py
+  run_retry uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python guardian_publish_dates.py
 
   [[ "$output" == *' F1 '* ]]
   [[ "$output" == *' | Mon '* ]]  # has info about date, Mondays are very likely
@@ -88,27 +101,27 @@ teardown() {
 @test "filters products from JSON" {
   echo '[{"title":"Premium Speakers","min_price":75000,"price":75000},{"title":"Budget Headphones","min_price":25000,"price":25000}]' > products.json
 
-  run uv run python process_products_json.py
+  run_retry uv run python process_products_json.py
 
   [[ "$output" == "{'title': 'Premium Speakers', 'min_price': 75000, 'price': 75000}" ]]
 }
 
 @test "lists WTA player links" {
-  run uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python wta_tennis_links.py
+  run_retry uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python wta_tennis_links.py
 
   [[ "$output" == *'https://www.wtatennis.com/players/'* ]]
   [[ $(echo "$output" | wc -l) -gt 10 ]]
 }
 
 @test "lists Guardian F1 article links" {
-  run uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python guardian_f1_links.py
+  run_retry uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python guardian_f1_links.py
 
   [[ "$output" == *'https://www.theguardian.com/sport/'* ]]
   [[ $(echo "$output" | wc -l) -gt 5 ]]
 }
 
 @test "lists WTA player birthplaces" {
-  run uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python wta_tennis_players.py
+  run_retry uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python wta_tennis_players.py
 
   [[ "$output" == *'https://www.wtatennis.com/players/'* ]]
   [[ "$output" == *' | '* ]]
@@ -117,7 +130,7 @@ teardown() {
 }
 
 @test "lists Guardian F1 authors" {
-  run uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python guardian_f1_authors.py
+  run_retry uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python guardian_f1_authors.py
 
   [[ $(echo "$output" | wc -l) -gt 5 ]]
   [[ "$output" == *' F1 '* ]]
@@ -132,7 +145,7 @@ teardown() {
 }
 
 @test "lists Python database jobs" {
-  run uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python python_jobs_database.py
+  run_retry uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python python_jobs_database.py
 
   [[ "$output" == *"'title': '"* ]]
   [[ "$output" == *"'company': '"* ]]
@@ -141,13 +154,13 @@ teardown() {
 }
 
 @test "counts total eurozone population" {
-  run uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python eurozone_population.py
+  run_retry uv run -q --with=httpx --with=beautifulsoup4 python eurozone_population.py
 
   [[ "$output" -gt 300000000 ]]
 }
 
 @test "scrapes F1 Academy driver details with Crawlee" {
-  run uv run -q --with=crawlee[beautifulsoup] python crawlee_f1_drivers.py
+  run_retry uv run -q --with=crawlee[beautifulsoup] python crawlee_f1_drivers.py
 
   (( status == 0 ))
   [[ -f dataset.json ]]
@@ -157,7 +170,7 @@ teardown() {
 }
 
 @test "scrapes Netflix user scores with Crawlee" {
-  run uv run -q --with=crawlee[beautifulsoup] python crawlee_netflix_ratings.py
+  run_retry uv run -q --with=crawlee[beautifulsoup] python crawlee_netflix_ratings.py
 
   (( status == 0 ))
   [[ -f dataset.json ]]