diff --git a/packages/react-aria-components/stories/ListBox.stories.tsx b/packages/react-aria-components/stories/ListBox.stories.tsx
index 24e721fc529..7097b9d7632 100644
--- a/packages/react-aria-components/stories/ListBox.stories.tsx
+++ b/packages/react-aria-components/stories/ListBox.stories.tsx
@@ -1146,3 +1146,38 @@ export const DropOntoRoot = () => (
     <DroppableListBox />
   </div>
 );
+
+export const FractionalWidth: StoryFn = () => {
+  let items = Array.from({length: 50}, (_, i) => ({id: i, name: `Item ${i + 1}`}));
+  return (
+    <div
+      style={{
+        display: 'flex',
+        width: 501,
+        border: '1px solid gray'
+      }}>
+      <div style={{width: '50%'}}>
+        <Virtualizer layout={ListLayout} layoutOptions={{rowHeight: 32}}>
+          <ListBox
+            aria-label="Fractional width list 1"
+            className={styles.menu}
+            style={{height: 300, width: '100%'}}
+            items={items}>
+            {item => <MyListBoxItem>{item.name}</MyListBoxItem>}
+          </ListBox>
+        </Virtualizer>
+      </div>
+      <div style={{width: '50%'}}>
+        <Virtualizer layout={ListLayout} layoutOptions={{rowHeight: 32}}>
+          <ListBox
+            aria-label="Fractional width list 2"
+            className={styles.menu}
+            style={{height: 300, width: '100%'}}
+            items={items}>
+            {item => <MyListBoxItem>{item.name}</MyListBoxItem>}
+          </ListBox>
+        </Virtualizer>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+};
diff --git a/packages/react-aria/src/virtualizer/ScrollView.tsx b/packages/react-aria/src/virtualizer/ScrollView.tsx
index 86b94e4174f..d04875af97a 100644
--- a/packages/react-aria/src/virtualizer/ScrollView.tsx
+++ b/packages/react-aria/src/virtualizer/ScrollView.tsx
@@ -67,6 +67,22 @@ interface ScrollViewAria {
   contentProps: HTMLAttributes<HTMLElement>;
 }
 
+function getClientSize(dom: HTMLElement) {
+  let clientWidth = dom.clientWidth;
+  let clientHeight = dom.clientHeight;
+  let doc = dom.ownerDocument;
+  if (!doc || dom === doc.documentElement || dom === doc.body || dom === doc.scrollingElement) {
+    return {clientWidth, clientHeight};
+  }
+
+  let rect = dom.getBoundingClientRect?.();
+  if (rect && rect.width > 0 && rect.height > 0) {
+    clientWidth = rect.width - Math.max(0, dom.offsetWidth - dom.clientWidth);
+    clientHeight = rect.height - Math.max(0, dom.offsetHeight - dom.clientHeight);
+  }
+  return {clientWidth, clientHeight};
+}
+
 export function useScrollView(
   props: ScrollViewProps,
   ref: RefObject<HTMLElement | null>
@@ -253,15 +269,15 @@ export function useScrollView(
       // content size update, causing below layout effect to fire. This avoids infinite loops.
       isUpdatingSize.current = true;
 
-      let isTestEnv = process.env.NODE_ENV === 'test' && !process.env.VIRT_ON;
+      let isTest = process.env.NODE_ENV === 'test';
+      let isTestEnv = isTest && !process.env.VIRT_ON;
       let isClientWidthMocked = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(window.HTMLElement.prototype).includes(
         'clientWidth'
       );
       let isClientHeightMocked = Object.getOwnPropertyNames(window.HTMLElement.prototype).includes(
         'clientHeight'
       );
-      let clientWidth = dom.clientWidth;
-      let clientHeight = dom.clientHeight;
+      let {clientWidth, clientHeight} = isTest ? dom : getClientSize(dom);
       let w = isTestEnv && !isClientWidthMocked ? Infinity : clientWidth;
       let h = isTestEnv && !isClientHeightMocked ? Infinity : clientHeight;
 
@@ -286,8 +302,12 @@ export function useScrollView(
         // adjusted space. In very specific cases this might result in the scrollbars disappearing
         // again, resulting in extra padding. We stop after a maximum of two layout passes to avoid
         // an infinite loop. This matches how browsers behavior with native CSS grid layout.
-        if ((!isTestEnv && clientWidth !== dom.clientWidth) || clientHeight !== dom.clientHeight) {
-          state.size = new Size(dom.clientWidth, dom.clientHeight);
+        let nextSize = isTest ? dom : getClientSize(dom);
+        if (
+          (!isTest && clientWidth !== nextSize.clientWidth) ||
+          clientHeight !== nextSize.clientHeight
+        ) {
+          state.size = new Size(nextSize.clientWidth, nextSize.clientHeight);
           flush(() => {
             updateVisibleRect();
             onSizeChange?.(state.size);
diff --git a/packages/react-aria/test/virtualizer/ScrollView.test.tsx b/packages/react-aria/test/virtualizer/ScrollView.test.tsx
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..3715fd29e19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/packages/react-aria/test/virtualizer/ScrollView.test.tsx
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2026 Adobe. All rights reserved.
+ * This file is licensed to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+ * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy
+ * of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under
+ * the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR REPRESENTATIONS
+ * OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language
+ * governing permissions and limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+import {act, render} from '@react-spectrum/test-utils-internal';
+import React, {useRef} from 'react';
+import {Size} from 'react-stately/useVirtualizerState';
+import {useScrollView} from '../../src/virtualizer/ScrollView';
+
+function RootScrollView(
+  props: Partial<Parameters<typeof useScrollView>[0]> & {target: HTMLElement}
+) {
+  let {target, ...otherProps} = props;
+  let ref = useRef(target);
+  let {contentProps} = useScrollView(
+    {
+      contentSize: new Size(1200, 2000),
+      onVisibleRectChange: jest.fn(),
+      allowsWindowScrolling: true,
+      ...otherProps
+    },
+    ref
+  );
+  return <div {...contentProps} />;
+}
+
+describe('ScrollView', () => {
+  beforeAll(() => {
+    jest.useFakeTimers();
+  });
+
+  afterEach(() => {
+    act(() => {
+      jest.runAllTimers();
+    });
+  });
+
+  it('preserves viewport client dimensions when attached to documentElement', () => {
+    let origNodeEnv = process.env.NODE_ENV;
+    process.env.NODE_ENV = 'production';
+    try {
+      Object.defineProperty(document.documentElement, 'clientWidth', {
+        configurable: true,
+        value: 1200
+      });
+      Object.defineProperty(document.documentElement, 'clientHeight', {
+        configurable: true,
+        value: 800
+      });
+      Object.defineProperty(document.documentElement, 'offsetHeight', {
+        configurable: true,
+        value: 50
+      });
+      let rectSpy = jest.spyOn(document.documentElement, 'getBoundingClientRect').mockReturnValue({
+        width: 1200,
+        height: 50,
+        top: 0,
+        left: 0,
+        bottom: 50,
+        right: 1200,
+        x: 0,
+        y: 0,
+        toJSON: () => {}
+      });
+
+      let onSizeChange = jest.fn();
+      render(<RootScrollView target={document.documentElement} onSizeChange={onSizeChange} />);
+
+      expect(onSizeChange).toHaveBeenCalledWith(new Size(1200, 800));
+
+      delete (document.documentElement as any).clientWidth;
+      delete (document.documentElement as any).clientHeight;
+      delete (document.documentElement as any).offsetHeight;
+      rectSpy.mockRestore();
+    } finally {
+      process.env.NODE_ENV = origNodeEnv;
+    }
+  });
+});