generics.md

Generics in TechScript

Generics allow functions, classes, and structs to be parameterized over types to maximize code reuse.

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🏗️ Generic Functions

Generic parameters are placed inside angle brackets <T>:

do identity<T>(value: T)
    send value
end

say identity<Int>(42)
say identity<Str>("Hello")

The type parameter can also be inferred automatically by the compiler:

say identity(42) # type Int is inferred

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🧬 Generic Classes

Classes can take generic parameters to store type-safe internal states:

class Box<T>
    value = null

    do init(val: T)
        self.value = val
    end

    do get()
        send self.value
    end
end

int_box = new Box<Int>(100)
say int_box.get() # 100

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🔒 Generic Constraints

You can limit what types can be passed to generics by using Traits:

do print_sound<T: Speaker>(obj: T)
    obj.speak()
end

See Traits for more details.