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<section id="glossary">
<span id="gloss"></span><h1>Glossary<a class="headerlink" href="#glossary" title="Link to this heading">¶</a></h1>
<dl class="glossary">
<dt id="term-AGG">AGG<a class="headerlink" href="#term-AGG" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-Grain_Geometry">Anti-Grain Geometry</a>
A high quality graphics rendering engine that MapServer 5.0+ can use.
It supports sub-pixel anti-aliasing, as well as many more features.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-CGI">CGI<a class="headerlink" href="#term-CGI" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>Wikipedia provides excellent coverage of
<a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_Gateway_Interface">CGI</a>.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-EPSG">EPSG<a class="headerlink" href="#term-EPSG" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>EPSG codes are numeric codes associated with coordinate system
definitions. For instance, EPSG:4326 is geographic WGS84, and
EPSG:32611 is “UTM zone 11 North, WGS84”. The WMS protocol uses EPSG
codes to describe coordinate systems. EPSG codes are published by the
<a class="reference external" href="https://epsg.org/home.html">OGP Surveying and Positioning Committee</a>. A
list of PROJ definitions corresponding to the EPSG codes can be
found: for PROJ version >= 6, in the SpatiaLite database <em>proj.db</em>
at /usr/local/share/proj/proj.db, or for PROJ version < 6, in the text
file <em>epsg</em> at /usr/local/share/proj/epsg. <a class="reference internal" href="mapfile/projection.html#projection"><span class="std std-ref">PROJECTION</span></a>
describes how to use these in your <a class="reference internal" href="mapfile/index.html#mapfile"><span class="std std-ref">Mapfile</span></a>.</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<p><a class="reference external" href="https://spatialreference.org">https://spatialreference.org</a> for a listing of spatial references
and an interface to search for EPSG codes (the site <a class="reference external" href="https://epsg.io/">https://epsg.io/</a>
might also be useful).</p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt id="term-Filter-Encoding">Filter Encoding<a class="headerlink" href="#term-Filter-Encoding" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.ogc.org/standards/filter">Filter Encoding</a>
is an <a class="reference internal" href="#term-OGC"><span class="xref std std-term">OGC</span></a> standard which defines an XML encoding for filter
expressions to allow for spatial and attribute querying.</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="ogc/filter_encoding.html#filter-encoding"><span class="std std-ref">WFS Filter Encoding</span></a></p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt id="term-FreeType">FreeType<a class="headerlink" href="#term-FreeType" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://freetype.sourceforge.net/index2.html">FreeType</a> is a font
engine that MapServer uses for accessing and rendering <a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/True_Type_Font">TrueType</a> fonts.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-GD">GD<a class="headerlink" href="#term-GD" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://libgd.github.io/">GD</a> is a graphics library for
dynamic generation of images. It was the first graphics renderer that
was available for MapServer, and was required by MapServer to
operate.</p>
<div class="admonition warning">
<p class="admonition-title">Warning</p>
<p>GD support was removed in MapServer 7.0.</p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt id="term-GDAL">GDAL<a class="headerlink" href="#term-GDAL" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>GDAL (Geospatial Data Abstraction Library) is a multi-format raster
reading and writing library. It is used as the primary mechanism for
reading raster data in MapServer. It is hosted at <a class="reference external" href="https://gdal.org/">https://gdal.org/</a></p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-GEOS">GEOS<a class="headerlink" href="#term-GEOS" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://trac.osgeo.org/geos">Geometry Engine Open Source</a> is a
C/C++ port of the <a class="reference external" href="https://github.com/locationtech/jts">Java Topology Suite</a>. It is used for
geometric algebra operations like determining if a polygon is
contained in another polygon or determining the resultant intersection
of two or more polygons. MapServer optionally uses GEOS for geometric
algebra operations.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-GML">GML<a class="headerlink" href="#term-GML" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.ogc.org/standards/gml">Geography Markup Language</a>
is an <a class="reference internal" href="#term-OGC"><span class="xref std std-term">OGC</span></a> standard which defines an abstract model for geographic
features</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="ogc/wfs_server.html#wfs-server"><span class="std std-ref">WFS Server</span></a></p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt id="term-GPX">GPX<a class="headerlink" href="#term-GPX" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GPX_(data_transfer)">GPS eXchange</a>
Format is an XML Schema for describing GPS data. <a class="reference internal" href="#term-OGR"><span class="xref std std-term">OGR</span></a> can
be used to transform and render this data with MapServer.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-Map-Scale">Map Scale<a class="headerlink" href="#term-Map-Scale" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>A treatise of mapping scale can be found at
<a class="reference external" href="https://www.thoughtco.com/map-scale-measuring-distance-on-map-1433533">https://www.thoughtco.com/map-scale-measuring-distance-on-map-1433533</a> .</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-Mapfile">Mapfile<a class="headerlink" href="#term-Mapfile" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference internal" href="mapfile/index.html#mapfile"><span class="std std-ref">Mapfile</span></a> is the declarative language that MapServer
uses to define data connections, map styling, templating, and server
directives. It must be named with the <cite>.map</cite> extension, and its format
is XML-like and hierarchical, with closing <cite>END</cite> tags, but the format is
not XML.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-MapScript">MapScript<a class="headerlink" href="#term-MapScript" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference internal" href="mapscript/index.html#mapscript"><span class="std std-ref">MapScript</span></a> is an alternative the the <a class="reference internal" href="cgi/index.html#cgi"><span class="std std-ref">CGI</span></a> application
of <a class="reference internal" href="cgi/mapserv.html#mapserv"><span class="std std-ref">mapserv</span></a> that allows you to program the MapServer object
API in many languages.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-Mercator">Mercator<a class="headerlink" href="#term-Mercator" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>Wikipedia provides excellent coverage of the
<a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercator_projection">Mercator projection</a>.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-OGC">OGC<a class="headerlink" href="#term-OGC" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>The <a class="reference external" href="https://www.ogc.org">Open Geospatial Consortium</a> is a
standards organization body in the GIS domain. MapServer supports
numerous OGC standards.</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="ogc/wms_server.html#wms-server"><span class="std std-ref">WMS Server</span></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="ogc/wms_time.html#wms-time"><span class="std std-ref">WMS Time</span></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="ogc/wms_client.html#wms-client"><span class="std std-ref">WMS Client</span></a>
and <a class="reference internal" href="ogc/wfs_server.html#wfs-server"><span class="std std-ref">WFS Server</span></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="ogc/wfs_client.html#wfs-client"><span class="std std-ref">WFS Client</span></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="ogc/wcs_server.html#wcs-server"><span class="std std-ref">WCS Server</span></a>
and <a class="reference internal" href="ogc/mapcontext.html#map-context"><span class="std std-ref">Map Context</span></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="ogc/sld.html#sld"><span class="std std-ref">SLD</span></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="ogc/filter_encoding.html#filter-encoding"><span class="std std-ref">WFS Filter Encoding</span></a>
and <a class="reference internal" href="ogc/sos_server.html#sos-server"><span class="std std-ref">SOS Server</span></a></p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt id="term-OGR">OGR<a class="headerlink" href="#term-OGR" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>OGR is the vector data access portion of
the <a class="reference internal" href="#term-GDAL"><span class="xref std std-term">GDAL</span></a> library. It provides access to a multitude of data
formats.</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="input/vector/ogr.html#ogr"><span class="std std-ref">OGR Vector Layers Through MapServer</span></a> (Accessing OGR Layers through MapServer)</p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt id="term-OM">OM<a class="headerlink" href="#term-OM" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.ogc.org/standards/om">Observations and Measurements</a>
is an <a class="reference internal" href="#term-OGC"><span class="xref std std-term">OGC</span></a> standard which defines an abstract model for sensor based
data.</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="ogc/sos_server.html#sos-server"><span class="std std-ref">SOS Server</span></a></p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt id="term-OpenLayers">OpenLayers<a class="headerlink" href="#term-OpenLayers" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://openlayers.org">OpenLayers</a> is a JavaScript library for
developing draggable, “slippy map” web applications.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-PROJ">PROJ<a class="headerlink" href="#term-PROJ" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://proj.org">PROJ</a> (formerly referred to as PROJ.4) is a library for projecting
map data. It is used by MapServer and GDAL and a multitude of other
Open Source GIS libraries.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-Projection">Projection<a class="headerlink" href="#term-Projection" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>A map projection is a mathematical transformation of the surface of a
sphere (3D) onto a 2D plane. Due to the laws of the universe, each
type of projection must make tradeoffs on how and what features it
distorts.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-Raster">Raster<a class="headerlink" href="#term-Raster" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>A raster is a rectangular grid of pixels. Essentially an image.
Rasters are supported in MapServer with a layer type of RASTER, and a
variety of formats are supported including GeoTIFF, JPEG, and PNG.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-Shapefile">Shapefile<a class="headerlink" href="#term-Shapefile" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>Shapefiles are simple GIS vector files containing points, lines or
areas. The format was designed and published by ESRI and is widely
supported in the GIS world. It is effectively the native and highest
performance format for MapServer.</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<p><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shapefile">Wikipedia</a></p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt id="term-SLD">SLD<a class="headerlink" href="#term-SLD" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.ogc.org/standards/sld">SLD</a> is an <a class="reference internal" href="#term-OGC"><span class="xref std std-term">OGC</span></a>
standard which allows for custom symbolization for portrayal of data.</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="ogc/sld.html#sld"><span class="std std-ref">SLD</span></a></p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt id="term-SOS">SOS<a class="headerlink" href="#term-SOS" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.ogc.org/standards/sos">SOS</a> is an <a class="reference internal" href="#term-OGC"><span class="xref std std-term">OGC</span></a>
standard which provides an API for managing deployed sensors and
retrieving sensor and observation data.</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="ogc/sos_server.html#sos-server"><span class="std std-ref">SOS Server</span></a></p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt id="term-Spherical-Mercator">Spherical Mercator<a class="headerlink" href="#term-Spherical-Mercator" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Mercator_projection">Spherical Mercator</a>
(or more commonly known as the <em>Google Mercator</em>, or <em>Web Mercator</em>) is a
term used to describe the default <a class="reference internal" href="mapfile/projection.html#projection"><span class="std std-ref">PROJECTION</span></a> used by many commercial
API providers for their resulting map tiles & services. The associated official
EPSG code is <a class="reference external" href="https://spatialreference.org/ref/epsg/3857/">EPSG:3857</a> (formerly “EPSG:900913”).</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-SVG">SVG<a class="headerlink" href="#term-SVG" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalable_Vector_Graphics">Scalable Vector Graphics</a> is
an XML format that MapServer can output. It is frequently used in
browser and mobile devices.</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="output/svg.html#svg"><span class="std std-ref">SVG</span></a></p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt id="term-SWF">SWF<a class="headerlink" href="#term-SWF" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SWF">Shockwave Flash</a> format that
MapServer can generate for output.</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="output/flash.html#flash"><span class="std std-ref">Flash Output</span></a></p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt id="term-SWIG">SWIG<a class="headerlink" href="#term-SWIG" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.swig.org/">Simplified Wrapper Interface Generator</a> is the
library that MapServer uses for generating the language bindings for
all languages other than C/C++ and PHP. <a class="reference internal" href="mapscript/index.html#mapscript"><span class="std std-ref">MapScript</span></a> describes
these bindings.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-Tileindex">Tileindex<a class="headerlink" href="#term-Tileindex" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>A tileindex is a <a class="reference internal" href="#term-Shapefile"><span class="xref std std-term">Shapefile</span></a> or other <a class="reference internal" href="#term-Vector"><span class="xref std std-term">Vector</span></a> data
source that contains footprints of <a class="reference internal" href="#term-Raster"><span class="xref std std-term">Raster</span></a> data coverage.
MapServer can use a tileindex to render a directory of raster
data. The tileindex allows MapServer to only read the data that
intersects the requested map extent, rather than reading all of the
data.</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="optimization/tileindex.html#tileindex"><span class="std std-ref">Tile Indexes</span></a></p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt id="term-Vector">Vector<a class="headerlink" href="#term-Vector" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p>Geographic features described by geometries (point, line, polygon) on
a (typically) cartesian plane.</p>
</dd>
<dt id="term-WCS">WCS<a class="headerlink" href="#term-WCS" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Coverage_Service">WCS</a> is an
<a class="reference internal" href="#term-OGC"><span class="xref std std-term">OGC</span></a> standard that describes how to systematically produce
structured <a class="reference internal" href="#term-Raster"><span class="xref std std-term">Raster</span></a> cartographic data from a service and
return them to a client</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="ogc/wcs_server.html#wcs-server"><span class="std std-ref">WCS Server</span></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="ogc/wcs_format.html#wcs-format"><span class="std std-ref">WCS Use Cases</span></a></p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt id="term-WFS">WFS<a class="headerlink" href="#term-WFS" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Feature_Service">WFS</a> is an
<a class="reference internal" href="#term-OGC"><span class="xref std std-term">OGC</span></a> standard that describes how to systematically produce
structured <a class="reference internal" href="#term-Vector"><span class="xref std std-term">Vector</span></a> cartographic data from a service and return them to
a client.</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="ogc/wfs_server.html#wfs-server"><span class="std std-ref">WFS Server</span></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="ogc/wfs_client.html#wfs-client"><span class="std std-ref">WFS Client</span></a></p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt id="term-WMC">WMC<a class="headerlink" href="#term-WMC" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://www.ogc.org/standards/wmc">Web Map Context</a> is an
<a class="reference internal" href="#term-OGC"><span class="xref std std-term">OGC</span></a> standard which allows for sharing of map views of <a class="reference internal" href="#term-WMS"><span class="xref std std-term">WMS</span></a>
layers in multiple applications.</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="ogc/mapcontext.html#map-context"><span class="std std-ref">Map Context</span></a></p>
</div>
</dd>
<dt id="term-WMS">WMS<a class="headerlink" href="#term-WMS" title="Link to this term">¶</a></dt><dd><p><a class="reference external" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Map_Service">WMS</a> is an
<a class="reference internal" href="#term-OGC"><span class="xref std std-term">OGC</span></a> standard that describes how to systematically produce
rendered map images from a service and return them to a client.</p>
<div class="admonition seealso">
<p class="admonition-title">See also</p>
<p><a class="reference internal" href="ogc/wms_server.html#wms-server"><span class="std std-ref">WMS Server</span></a> and <a class="reference internal" href="ogc/wms_client.html#wms-client"><span class="std std-ref">WMS Client</span></a></p>
</div>
</dd>
</dl>
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